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  The effect of a ginger extract on gastric residual volume among mechanically ventilated patients who hospitalized in intensive care unit     Hekmatafshar M [1] , Bardigorchaei A [2] , Amin GH [3] , Vakili MA [4] , Eshginia S [5] , Sanagoo A [6] , Jouybaril [7] *     Received: 20Feb, 2012 Accepted: 9May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Delayed gastric emptying among mechanically ventilated patients is common. According to evidence ginger can be accelerated gastric emptying. This study conducted to determine the effect of a ginger extract on gastric residual volume of patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).   Materials & Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized control clinical trial with before and after design. Twenty-four mechanically ventilated patients who hospitalized in ICU were enrolled into intervention and control groups (12 in each group). Patients were matched in items of gender and illness severity. After 48 hours gavage feeding with a standard solution among two groups intervention and control groups respectively received 120 mg (5ml) of ginger extract and 5 ml of water as a placebo for 4 days. Residual volumes of the fifth and sixth days were recorded. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and paired t test also significance level was determined as 0. 05.   Result: Mean gastric residual volume in first 48 hours between both groups was not significantly different. But mean and standard deviation of mean residual volume of fifth and sixth days in intervention and control groups were respectively (81/16 ± 58/24) and (09/15 ± 33/108) whichaccording the independent t test, showed significant difference (p

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Background & Aims: The primary nursing care method is associated with care continuity, better training discharge, and more nurses and patients satisfaction. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of primary nursing care method on patients' and nurses self-care knowledge, and patients’ satisfaction level of care in open heart surgery. Materials & Methods: This clinical trial conducted on 108 patients and besides them, 25 nurses took part in intervention and control groups in ICU of open heart surgery ward affiliated to Ayatollah Rouhani (Babol University of Medical Sciences) in 2015. The data were gathered using nurses and patients satisfaction and self-care awareness questionnaires. The data analyzed by chi-square, Paired- T-test, Mann-Whitney U and independent T tests. Results: The mean and standard deviation of patient and nurses satisfaction in the intervention and control groups were21.38±3.43, 29.55±5.33 with P=0.001 and 28.72±5.42, 34.24±4.75 (P=0.003) respectively. The mean and standard deviation of patients’ self-care awareness in intervention and control groups were 43.14±5.79, 50.74±7.6 (P>0.001) respectively. There was a significant relationship between primary nursing care group and control group after the intervention. Conclusion: The primary nursing method may increase patient self-care knowledge, and patients’ and nurses satisfaction level of care.

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Background & Aims: Autonomy, is the central element for the professional practice. The purpose of this study was to discover the perceptions of nurses about professional Autonomy in nursing. Materials & Methods: In this qualitative content-analysis approach study, the data were collected through unstructured in-depth interviews [8 individual interviews]. The participants were chosen using purposeful sampling from clinical nurses in Golestan, Iran, 2015. Formal or conventional qualitative content analysis was performed by the MAXDQA software. Results: Due to analysis of interviews, 260 primary cods, 11 categories and 3 themes were achieved. The theme included: 1- Individual factors, 2- Organizational factors, 3- Health policy factors. These themes reflect the dimensions and characteristics of perceived sense of professional autonomy in nursing. Conclusion: This study provided the image of nurse’s understanding from professional autonomy regard the real experiences in work field that often remains hidden from view. The development of policies and strategies to enhance the professional autonomy are necessary.    

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Background & Aims: Patient education is one of the most important roles of nurses and has an important role in diabetes control. Tele-nursing is effective, due to the elimination of­­ both space and time limitation and establishing an effective relationship with client care. Half of people with diabetes-inject insulin do not have good information on how to inject insulin. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of nurse telephone calls on glycemic parameters HbA1C and adherence to diabetes control recommendations. Materials and Methods: This study was a randomized clinical trial Double-blind in patients with diabetes treated with insulin, on 64 patients with diabetes treated with insulin, in the intervention group (n = 32) and control (n = 32). Intervention group received insulin injection education, followed by telephone and short message control, for 12 weeks(The first month, twice a week and the second and third months, once a week for 10 minutes). Control group received only insulin injection education. To assess the intervention, before and after the intervention of A1C hemoglobin and Fasting blood sugar measured in the two groups were compared. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16 and descriptive and inferential statistical testes. Results: The results showed that the intervention was not statistically significant effect on HbA1c level after intervention, but intervention has been the FBS level after intervention only in the fourth week (P=0.04) and fifth (P = 0.007) after the treatment effect is statistically significant. Conclusion: Telephone follow-up and tele-education by nurse has important effects on patients' hemoglobin A1C and fasting blood sugar control in people type 2 diabetes.  

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Background & Aims: Improving access to health care is a priority of international health systems. The purpose of this study is determine of the effect of telenursing (telephone follow up) after discharge on Readmission due to complications after Coronary artery bypass graft surgery in rajaee hospital in 2015. Materials & Methods: This clinical trial study was performed on 128 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery in 2015 in Shahid Rajaee Hospital in Tehran. Patients were randomly divided into intervention and control groups.The intervention group received one telephone call by nurse in third and fifth day after discharge for evaluation of theirs recovery condition.The control group dident receive this telephone call.Then 2 groups had been follow at the 30 days for rate of readmission and complication of heart surgery. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 19), descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), and analytical (Mann-Whitney, T-test, Chi-square test). Results: Results from Chi-square showed a variety of postoperative complications in the two groups, although not statistically significant (07/0> p). But clinical observation showed that the number of referrals for complications, especially for infection after surgery in the control group compared to the intervention group was significant (7/66% vs. 0%). The chi-square statistical test did not show significant difference between two groups from readmission rate (p

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Background & Aims: Hernia disease occurs when an area of an organ or tissue protrudes through a weak muscle layer. The most common treatment of this disease is hernia surgery, which is performed with anesthesia in two ways, open and closed. Anesthesia in older people with underlying diseases will be risky. In this case study, due to the high age of the patient candidate for hernia surgery, the patient was anesthetized through hypnosis.
Case Report: The case was an 87-year-old woman who was admitted to a hospital in Sari with the diagnosis of inguinal hernia and was discharged from the hospital one day after surgery with the help of hypnotic anesthesia. Hypnosis was performed by a psychiatrist and a psychotherapy fellowship who had completed a hypnotherapy course at the Iranian Clinical Hypnosis Association.
Conclusion: Since there is no medical treatment for hernia and its definitive treatment is surgery, the complications caused by anesthesia medications are high in the elderly. So, using hypnotic anesthesia is a suitable way to reduce the complications caused by anesthesia. Using hypnotic anesthesia is recommended for other high-risk patients who are candidate for surgery.