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 The Relationship Between Social Support and Marital Satisfaction in Infertile Women Based on Infertility Factor     Sahraian K [1] , Jafarzadeh F [2] , Poursamar SL [3] *     Received: 22 Nov , 2014 Accepted: 22 Jun , 2015   Abstract  Background & Aims: Nowadays infertility problem has become a social concern and is associated with numerous social and psychological problems. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between social support and marital satisfaction among infertile women based on their infertility factor.  Materials & Methods: The sample group was 50 women with female infertility factor and 50 women with male infertility factor. The participants contacted upon their treatment course with Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) in Mehr infertility clinic. ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire and Sarason social support questionnaire were used during this study. For data analysis beside descriptive statistic, T test, chi-squared (&chi²) and Pearson’s correlation were used.  Results: Data analysis showed that women with female infertility factor received less social support comparing to the women with male infertility factor. Also the level of marital satisfaction in women with male infertility factor was more than women with female infertility factor (P

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Received: 23 Sep, 2015 Accepted: 24 Nov, 2015 Abstract Background & Aims: Depression is devastating condition that not only affects pregnant women but also their infants. Therefore, the current research aimed to evaluate efficacy of psychological education on reducing this problem in at risk pregnant women and increasing their marital satisfaction. Materials & Methods: In this experimental study with pretest-posttest designs, 534 pregnant women who were in last trimester of their pregnancy were evaluated, and 135 at risk mothers were identified. The participants were randomly assigned to the experimental or control group.  The intervention program composed of an 8 lesson of educational and cognitive-behaviorally based program that was delivered to the experimental group. Individual in the control group received usual care. In order to examine the effectiveness of intervention, symptoms of depression were assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory, and the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale. Also using Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale, participant's marital satisfaction was evaluated. Results: Comparison of demographic information indicated there were no significant differences between the two groups. The reduction in post intervention assessments for depressive symptoms indicated the significant effect of intervention program (p

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Background & Aims: A wide range of psychosocial variables may influence pregnant women's psychological status. However the association between marital and social support, anxiety and worries during pregnancy is a relatively neglected area of research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the relationship between marital support, social support, antenatal anxiety and pregnancy worries after controlling for the effects of background variables. Material & Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 214 pregnant women attending in Health Centers for prenatal care in the city of Urmia, Iran were selected using convenience sampling, then they were evaluated using Spielberger state- Trait Anxiety Inventor) STAI). Pregnancy worries were measured with the Cambridge Worry Scale, social support with the Social Support Questionnaire-6 and marital satisfaction with the marital quality scale. Data were analyzed using liner regression and ordinal logistic regression. Results: The average age of participating in the study was 27/62 ± 5/47. 86/4% of women had low concern, and 13/6% had high concern.7% of women had lower-middle anxiety, 22/9% moderate to high anxiety, and 4.44% moderately severe anxiety, and 25.7% had severe anxiety. Low marital satisfaction was significantly related to pregnancy worries(P=0/01).In addition, age )Pvalue=0/07,OR=0/94 , CI=0/88-1/00), gestational age (Pvalue=0/35,OR=2/63, CI= 0/33 –20/83)، abortion (Pvalue=0/71 ,OR=1/17 ,CI= 0/50 –2/73(, education (Pvalue=0/08 , CI=2/60, OR=0/87 – 7/76) and marital satisfaction(Pvalue=0/05,( OR= 0/98 CI= 0/96 – 1/00) were significantly related to anxiety. Primiparus in comparison with nulliparus women were significantly related to lower anxiety. And low marital satisfaction was significantly related to anxiety and high social support (SSQ-Network (Pvalue=0/02, OR=1/66 CI= 1/08 – 2/56) and SSQ-Satisfaction (Pvalue=0/003, OR=1/63, CI= 1/18- 2/26) were significantly related to low anxiety. Conclusion: The risk factors found in this study could help clinician’s target anxiety screening to high-risk populations of pregnant women. Health care professionals and midwives in particular should be trained in the detection and management of anxiety and worries during pregnancy .Planning preventive and supportive programs for pregnant women is necessary.

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Background & Aims: The previous researches have shown that alexithymia and interpersonal problems are related to marital satisfaction, and when marital dissatisfaction is in response to alexithymia and interpersonal problems, it is more likely to affect a marital status. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among alexithymia and interpersonal problems with marital satisfaction in married female nurses of the public hospitals in Kerman City.   Materials & Methods: In this descriptive-correlation study, the study sample consisted of 234 married female nurses who were selected through multi-stage random sampling, and responded to the Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), the Interpersonal Problems (IIP), and the ENRICH Couple scale (ECS) . The analysis of the data was performed by using SPSS software, version 22, and using descriptive statistics and enter regression analysis.  Results: Results showed that there was a significant negative correlation among Alexithymia, and interpersonal problems with marital satisfaction. Also, enter regression analysis indicated that alexithymia and interpersonal problems significantly predicted 24% of the variance of marital satisfaction (p

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Background & Aim: Marital satisfaction is a very important and complicated aspect of a marital relationship. Due to midwives awareness of issues related to marital relationship and constant contact of them with the society that can act as professional family advisers, this study done to determine the effect of counseling based on cognitive-behavioral approach on marital satisfaction. Materials & Methods: This is apre-post semiexperimental study by control group. After completion the ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire, 60 couples by the inclusion criteria and score of 30-60 simply selected from 3 randomly selected healthy centers (20 couples from each center). Then the couples devided to two intervention and control groups randomly. The intervention done for 5 counseling sessions of 2 hours with one week intervals. No intervention done in the control group.After one month passed the last counseling session, the questionnaire completed by the couples again. Collected datas analyzed by use SPSS-22. Results: After intervention, the ANCOVA analaysis of scores by deletion of pre-influence showed significant difference in total matital satisfaction in men and women of both of control and intervention groups (p

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Background & Aims: Cancer is one of the most serious chronic diseases and risk factors of public health. Of those, breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in women. Today, some researchers in the field of clinical psychology by implementing psychosocial interventions, are following to study its effect on the patients with breast cancer and their quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an intimate relationship skills training on increasing adjustment and marital satisfaction in women with breast cancer was conducted. Material & Methods: A total of 24 women with breast cancer of the patients reffered to the center of Radiation Oncology of Imam Reza (AS) in Mashhad by available sampling method selected and randomly divided into two groups of 12 subjects were assigned to intervention and control. Subjects in both pre-test and post-test were measured by Enrich marital satisfaction and marital adjustment Harmvhan Singh questionnaires. The experiment group received 8 sessions of 1.5 hours of the intimate relationship skills training and the control group received no intervention. Data using SPSS software and with univariate analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were analyzed. Results: The intervention group than the control group showed a significant increase in the marital adjustment and satisfaction. Conclusion: intimate relationship skills training (PAIRS) can be effective in increasing marital adjustment and satisfaction.

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Background & Aim: Family is a fundamental structure in a society that its health causes health of society. Family education is an approach for acquiring to this aim. Due to this purpose the main purpose of this research was to study the effectiveness of Prevention of Divorce Training Package on marital satisfaction and emotional divorce on couples. Materials & Methods: The purpose of this research was developing of prevention of divorce training package and determination of its effectiveness on satisfaction and emotional divorce on employees of education organization of Urmia city. The method was qualitative - quantitative. Research environment of qualitative part was couples who were applicant for divorce. They were interviewed by Narrative inquiry and based on this interviews, the package was developed. In quantitative part of the research the population was employees of Urmia education organization (452person) and the method was quasi-experimental (pretest-posttest and control group) and the sample includes 60 married male and female (experimental group- 30 persons) (control group -30 persons) who was selected by convenience sampling method and assigned randomly in experimental and control groups. Dependent variables of the study were marital satisfaction and emotional divorce. Research instruments were afrooz marital satisfaction (2010) and gottman emotional divorce (1988) questionnaires which completed by both groups. Intervention was conducted on experimental group but control group received no intervention. After two month each groups followed again. The data were analyzed by using repeated measurement variance analyses in SPSS 24. Results: The results showed that training of the package could increase marital satisfaction and decrease emotional divorce in experimental group. However, there was no significant difference in the control group after the intervention (p>0/05). Conclusions: Based on research results, it was suggested for the Iranian family court, marriage and family counseling centers and family training centers to implement this package in their training program.  

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Background & Aim: Family-of-origin health, marital commitment, and marital empathy are of factors influencing to the health of family. The aim of the current research was the assessing of the model of family of origin and marital satisfaction with mediations of marital commitment and marital empathy in nurses. Materials & methods: This research was correlation of path analysis type. 200 married, female nurses among public and private hospitals of Shahrekord city were selected using based-purposive and voluntary sampling method and according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and responded to the Family of Origin Scale, Marital Satisfaction Scale, Marital Commitment Questionnaire, Marital Empathy Scale as original instruments, and Family Solidarity Scale, Locke–Wallace Marital Adjustment Test and Batson Empathy Adjectives scale as convergent validity instruments. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis statistical methods and by SPSS-21 and AMOS statistical software's. Results: The results of fitness indices indicated that the model was fitted and the direct path coefficients of the model showed that family of origin to marital commitment, family of origin to marital empathy, family of origin to marital satisfaction, marital commitment to marital satisfaction, and marital empathy to marital satisfaction, and the indirect path coefficients were all significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There was an emphasis on the role of commitment and marital empathy in mediating between family of origin and marital satisfaction and the necessity of conducting research on this area was discussed.  

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Background & Aims: Mothers face many concerns during pregnancy. Understanding the relationship between mothers' marital satisfaction to overcome these concerns can help improve strategies and planning for their mental health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between marital satisfaction and pregnancy concerns in pregnant women in Tabriz, Iran. Materials & Methods: The research method is correlational. For this purpose, 250 pregnant women in Tabriz who were selected by random sampling participated in this study. To measure the variables, the participants answered the Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and prenatal concerns. The data were analyzed using the Pearson test and multiple regression in SPSS version 22. Results: Results of multiple regression test indicated that personality, relationship, leisure, and sexual factors were able to predict pregnancy anxiety (p 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the results and considering the importance of the effect of pregnancy concerns on maternal physical and mental health, couples are recommended to make every effort to increase marital satisfaction in order to reduce maternal concerns.

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Background & Aim: This study aimed to examine the model of marital conflict and marital communicational skills as mediators' family of origin and marital satisfaction. Materials & Methods: This study using was conducted correlative type of simultaneous hierarchical regression in population of female married nurses of public and private hospitals related to Jondi-Shapour University of Medical Sciences. 200 female, married nurses were recruited according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and using voluntary sampling method, and then they responded to Family of Origin Scale, Marital Satisfaction Scale, Kansas Marital Conflict Scale, and Marital Communication Pattern Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient and Simultaneous Hierarchical Regression Analysis by statistical software of SPSS-22. Results: The results of correlation coefficients showed that there were significant, positive and negative correlations between family of origin, marital communicational skills, and marital conflict with marital satisfaction. Also, the results of the simultaneous hierarchical regression analysis indicated that marital communicational skills significantly, positively and marital conflict significantly, negatively mediated the relationship between family of origin and marital satisfaction. Conclusion: According to the findings, individuals' previous experiences in their family of origin influence their later lives with their spouses and bequeath a perpetuated effect on their experiences and behavioral patterns.

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Background & Aims: Satisfaction with marital life depends on several factors, and one of the important factor that influencing marital satisfaction is sexual self-efficacy. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of sexual self-efficacy between personality characteristics and marital satisfaction. Materials & Methods: This study was a correlational study. The statistical population of the study included all married women living in Tehran. In this study, 290 married women were selected through convenient sampling and they completed NEO-Five Factor Inventory (FFI), Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire and sexual self-efficacy questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, path analysis and bootstrap test were used to analyze the data using SPSS and AMOS softwares. Results: the results showed that there were significant correlations between personality characteristics (conscientiousness, extraversion, neuroticism) and sexual self-efficacy with marital satisfaction and sexual self-efficacy can significantly have a mediating role between extraversion & neuroticism and marital satisfaction. Conclusion: The results showed that low levels of neuroticism and high levels of extraversion can increase marital satisfaction through increasing sexual self-efficacy. Due to effect of marital satisfaction on physical and psychological health of couples, it suggested that therapists pay more attention to the components of this study, especially sexual self-efficacy.