@article{ author = {KhoramiMarkani, A. and Yagmaei, F. and KhodayariFard, M. and AlaviMajd, H.}, title = {DEVELOPING AND MEASURING PSYCHOMETRICS OF ONCOLOGY NURSES’ SPIRITUAL WELLBEING SCALE}, abstract ={  Developing and measuring psychometrics of Oncology Nurses’ Spiritual Wellbeing Scale     Khorami Markani A [1] , Yagmaei F [2] *, Khodayari Fard M [3] , Alavi Majd H [4]     Received: 26 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 5 Dec, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : In spiritual wellbeing status, a person finds meaning, purpose and values of his/her life. In order to provide holistic nursing care to cancerous patients, oncology nurses should establish balance in their personal and professional life and be aware of their spiritual wellbeing state. There hasn’t developed any instrument congruent to social and cultural status of Muslim oncology nurses in Iran. The aim of this study was developing and measuring psychometrics of oncology nurses’ spiritual wellbeing scale.   Materials & Methods : This methodological study was carried out in two stages. In qualitative section, we interviewed as semi structured form with 24 oncology nurses and established a focus group session in order to develop scale items. In quantitative part we assessed content, face, construct, and criterion validity as well as internal consistency and stability of scale.   Result : Qualitative content analysis yielded 245 items that were mixed with 100 items from literature. After applying CVI and CVR, the number of scale items reduced to 78 items. Exploratory factor analysis specified 5 principal components that explained the 48.5 % of variance. The correlation scores between developed scale and Paloutzian and Ellison spiritual wellbeing scale (1983) were estimated 0.48. The internal consistency (alpha cronbach coefficient) and stability reliability (test- retest) were 0.84, 0.66, respectively.   Conclusion: Oncology Nurses’ Spiritual Wellbeing Scale with high validity and reliability can be used to assess nurses' spiritual wellbeing especially oncology nurses.   Key words: Spirituality, Spiritual wellbeing, Oncology Nurses, Psychometric Properties     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran , Iran Tel : (+98) 9121579624   Email: Farideh_Y2002@yahoo.com   [1] PhD Student in Nursing, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [2] Associate Professor of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)   [3] Professor of Psychology, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran  [4] Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-746-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-746-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HemmatiMaslakpak, M. and Amirian, Z. and Khalkhali, H. R. and Salehi, S. H.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF REGULAR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AT HOME ON PATIENTS’ PHYSICAL STATUS AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASSES SURGERY}, abstract ={  The effect of regular physical activity at home on patients' physical status after coronary artery bypasses surgery     Hemmati Maslakpak M [1] *, Amirian Z [2] , Khalkhali HR [3] , Salehi Sh [4]     Received: 5 Aug, 2011 Accepted: 3 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Coronary artery disease causes mortality and disability of large part of a country's productive people. Oxygen recovery following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is not sufficient to prevent unpleasant effects, therefore regular physical activity is necessary to achieve to the functional benefits of CABG. This study aimed to determine the effect of regular physical activity at home on the physical status of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery.   Materials & Methods : This experimental study carried out on patients under coronary artery bypasses surgery in Urmia. 56 samples were selected randomly and then allocated in two intervention and control groups. The data were gathered with standard physical status questionnaire. For intervention group practical and theoretical education about exercise was given. The program was continued through home visits and telephone follow-up consultation. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical testes.   Result : The promotion of physical status among intervention group after performance of regular physical activity at home was obvious (p= 0.001). The comparison of two groups showed significant difference in physical status between the intervention and the control groups (p= 0.001).   Conclusion: Regular physical activity at home has important effects on patients' physical status promotion after coronary artery bypasses surgery.   Keywords: Regular physical activity, Physical Status , Coronary artery bypass     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961   Email : Hemmati_m@umsu.ac.ir   [1] Assistant Professor of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author (   [2] Nursing MSc Student, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [3] PhD of Biostatistics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [4] Specialist in Heart Surgery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-745-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-745-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Vahdat, R. and Zeinali, A. and AhmadiDoyran, Z.}, title = {RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRITICAL THINKING DISPOSITIONS AND ACADEMIC ACHIVEMENT IN URMIA SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS}, abstract ={  Relationship between Critical Thinking Dispositions and academic achivement in urmia secondary school students     Vahdat R [1] , Zeinali A [2] , Ahmadi Doyran Z [3] *     Received: 2 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 5 Dec, 2011     Abstract   Background; Aims : These days critical thinking has been introduced as the main output of education by field experts. They notice teaching of thinking as a principal of learning. This study aimed to examine the association between critical thinking and high school students' educational progress.   Materials & Methods : This correlational study was conducted on 355 high school students in 2010-2011. California Critical Thinking Willing test was used as data collection tool. Descriptive and analytical tests including t-test and ANOVA were applied for data analysis using SPSS.   Results: Mean and standard deviation of total score was 289.60 ±34.09. The lowest and highest scores were 190 and 398, respectively. Accordingly, the trend of critical thinking and educational achievement has no relationship with sex, major, and degree.   Conclusion : In the study, total score of critical thinking was high. Education of critical thinking between instructor and students required interaction each other and creating an organized frame work for intellectual processes and using relevant skills and positions.   Keywords : Critical thinking, Academic achievement, Attitudes     Address : Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran, Tel: (+98) 09371706132   Email : zakiye_ahmadi_am@yahoo.com   [1] Instructor, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran  [2] Assistant Professor, Psychology Department, Islamic Azad University, Khoy Branch, Khoy, Iran  [3] Master Student in Education Planning, Islamic Azad University, Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-744-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-744-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Nobahar, M. and Ahmadi, F. and Alhani, F. and FallahiKhoshknab, M.}, title = {NURSING MANAGEMENT FROM RETIRED NURSES’ PERSPECTIVE}, abstract ={  Nursing management from retired nurses' perspective     Nobahar M [1] , Ahmadi F* [2] , Alhani F [3] , Fallahi Khoshknab M [4]     Received: 9 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 20 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Managers are one of the effective factors in improvement of the organizations efficacy, effectiveness, and productivity. Nursing managers' efficacy has an important role in health organizations success. Last studies indicate that the exploration of nurses' experiences lead to direct and indirect effects on nursing care process and profession. The aim of the study is the exploration of retired nurses' experiences from nursing managers and management.   Materials & Methods : This study was a qualitative research in 2010. Twenty retired nurses were selected based on purposeful and theoretical sampling. The main way for data collection was semi-structured interviews. For analysis of data, we use qualitative content analysis method.   Result : Interviews analysis led to finding numerous subthemes for example not paying enough attention to evaluation process, motivation fostering necessity, attention to supporting staff and usage of effective and suitable management style. Unsuitable nursing management was more insisted .   Conclusion : Findings of this study that are based on retired nurses' experiences can improve relationships development, work experience exchange, efficient management, manager-nurse mutual support, professional consistency, and manager-nurse mutual trust and provide a suitable background for professional development and promotion.   Keywords: Managers, Nursing management, Retired nurses, Content analysis     Address: Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran Tel: (+98)9121592824   Email : Ahmadif@modares.ac.ir   [1] PhD Student, Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran  [2] Associate Professor, Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author (   [3] Associate Professor, Nursing Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran  [4] Assistant Professor, Nursing Department, Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University , Tehran, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-743-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-743-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Karimipour, M. and Karimnia, A. and Rostamzadeh, A. R.}, title = {STUDY OF NECK CIRCUMFERENCE IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE REFERRING TO THE ANGIOGRAPHY WARD OF URMIA TALEGHANI HOSPITAL}, abstract ={  Study of n eck circumference in patients with coronary heart disease referring to the angiography ward of Urmia Taleghani hospital     Karimipour M [1] *, Karimnia A [2] , Rostamzadeh AR [3]     Received: 20 Aug, 2011 Accepted: 8 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Obesity is a public health problem in developing countries and is associated with cardiovascular risk factors. The aim of this study is to evaluate neck circumference (as an index of upper body obesity) in patients with cardiovascular disease that have been referred to angiography in comparison with healthy normal group.   Materials & Methods : A total of 200 subjects were used as two groups: 100 in patients group (50 male and 50 female) and 100 normal healthy group (50 male 50 female). Neck circumference was measured and compared in both groups.   Result : The results revealed that the mean of neck circumference in patients group was significantly (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-742-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-742-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Gorbanalipour, M. and Yagobi, H.}, title = {COMPARISON OF HARDINESS IN DIFFERENT LEVELS OF RELIGIOSITY IN NURSES}, abstract ={  Comparison of hardiness in different levels of religiosity in nurses     Gorbanalipour M [1] *, Yagobi H [2]     Received: 1 Aug, 2011 Accepted: 1 Nov, 2011     Abstract:   Background & Aims : Effects of religion on mental health has been debated for years, nevertheless only in the last half century have these theories been empirically tested. The purpose of this study was to compare hardiness in different level of religiosity.   Materials & Methods : In this study 100 nurses (41 male and 59 female) were selected with cluster sampling from nurses in Urmia. Gholzary religiosity scale and Kobasa hardiness scales were administrated to them. The samples were divided into high, moderate and low group on the basis of religiosity degree and were compared in hardiness degree with each other. Data analysis was done using analysis of variance.   Result : The result showed that there is a significant difference among level of religiosity and hardiness. People with high level of religiosity have high level of hardiness compared to those with low and moderate religiosity.   Conclusion: Finally, religiosity is a positive characteristic of human being with positive impact on different aspect of mental health.   Keywords: R eligiosity, Hardiness, Mental health     Address : Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Khoy Branch, Khoy, Iran   Tel : (+98)9141633787   Email: Masood_a28493@yahoo.com.au   [1] Instructor, Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad University, Khoy Branch, Khoy, Iran (Corresponding Author (   [2] Instructor , Department of Psychology, Tarbiat Moallem University of Azarbaijan, Tabriz, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-741-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Abedi, H. A. and Salimi, S. and Feizi, A. and SafariVaghasloo, S.}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF- CARE IN COPD PATIENTS}, abstract ={  Assessment of Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Self- Care in COPD Patients     Abedi HA [1] , Salimi S [2] , Feizi A [3] , Safari Vaghasloo S [4] *     Received: 17 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 27 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Given the importance of the COPD and role of different factors in self-care behaviors of COPD patients, this study have been conducted to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and self-care in these patients.   Materials & Methods : In this descriptive-correlational study 62 COPD patients participated who were hospitalized in hospitals affiliated to the Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2011. Samples were selected using purposive sampling. After determining the validity and reliability of the questionnaires and completing consent form, the demographic, self-efficacy, and self-care questionnaires were given to be completed. The data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics in SPSS software.   Result : The mean score of self-care was 69.56 from the range of 34 through 140. This means that the participants performed self-care behaviors moderately. The mean score of self-efficacy scores was 76.93 from the range of 35 through 175. Results of the Kay Square showed a positive correlation between the self-care and self-efficacy in COPD patients so that with increasing self-efficacy, self-care behaviors are also increased ( 12x2' type="#_x0000_t75"> = 14.75, p=0.02).   Conclusion: Given the high potency of self-efficacy factors in predicting self-care behaviors and low self-efficacy scores of COPD patients, in their educational programs to improve self-care behaviors, more attention should be paid to strengthening the helping factors especially self-efficacy.   Keywords: Self-efficacy, Self-care, COPD     Address : Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran , Tel: (+98) 9148838390 Email: samirasafari30@yahoo.com   [1] Associate Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University - Khorasgan Branch, Isfahan, Iran  [2] Assistant Professor of Medical Nursing, Islamic Azad University - Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran  [3] Assistant Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [4] Master Student in Nursing, Islamic Azad University of Khorasgan Branch - Esfahan, Young Researchers Club, Isfahan, Iran (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-740-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Salahi, S. H. and Javanbakhtian, R. and Hasheminia, A. M. and Habibzadeh, H.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF FAMILY–CENTERED EMPOWERMENT MODEL ON QUALITY OF LIFE OF HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS}, abstract ={  The effect of family–centered empowerment model on quality of life of hemodialysis patients     Salahi Sh [1] *, Javanbakhtian R [2] , Hasheminia SAM [3] , Habibzadeh H [4]     Received: 21 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 29 Nov, 2011   Abstract   Background & Aims : Improving and maintaining quality of life in hemodialysis patients needs strong support of family. This study aimed to study the effects of family-centered empowerment model on quality of life in hemodialysis patients.   Materials & Methods : This semi quasi-experimental study was done on 99 hemodialysis patients. After considering age, sex, education level, and rate of dialysis per weeks, they were divided into two groups of case and control. Family empowerment program was performed in case group for 6 months. A standard questionnaire was used to assess the quality of life by both groups before and after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test and paired t-test.   Result : Based on independent t-test, mean score of quality of life in case group in dominations such as physical functioning, activity limitation due to the difficult physical, vitality, body pain and general health had statistical significant difference(p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-739-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-739-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Salimi, S. and Azimpour, A. and Fesharaki, M. and Mohammadzadeh, S. H.}, title = {NURSES’ PERCEPTION OF IMPORTANCE OF CARING BEHAVIORS AND ITS DETERMINANT FACTORS}, abstract ={  Nurses’ Perception of Importance of Caring Behaviors and Its Determinant factors     Salimi S [1] *, Azimpour A [2] , Fesharaki M [3] ,Mohammadzadeh Sh [4] ,     Received: 26 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 2 Dec, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : It is recognized globally that the theoretical foundations of nursing are based on an understanding of caring. The purpose of this study was to investigate nurses’ perceptions of caring behaviors and determinant factors.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive-comparative study included 143 nurses. The participants were selected based on Quota sampling approach from four educational hospitals, Dec. 2010-Mar. 2011. Data were gathered using two valid and reliable questionnaires, CDI-25, DNCB-38. Translation accuracy and face validity of the Persian form of the CDI-25 and DNCB-38 were assured using expert panel review. Reliability of the tools determined using test-retest and Cronbach's alpha. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS V. 18.0. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t- test, ANOVA, and Chi square. A p-value of less than .05 was considered statistically significant.   Result : There were no significant differences between overall scores of the psychosocial or technical items of caring. There were statistically significance correlation between some demographic traits of nurses (age, job experience, university of graduation, recruitment status) and their scores to DNCB sub-items. Three most important reported caring behaviors were: being technically competent with a clinical procedure, providing privacy for a patient, and involving a patient with his or her care. The least important reported caring behavior was keeping relatives informed about a patient. Three most important determinants of caring behavior were workload, interest in nursing profession, and job satisfaction, but the only predictor of caring behaviors was participation in educational course about ‘caring’ after graduation.   Conclusion: Findings showed that despite the emphasis in nursing profession, some important technical (e.g. assisting a patient with an activity of living) and psychological aspects of caring (e.g. listening to a patient or Sitting with a patient) might be neglected. We suggest revision in in-service education of the occupied nurses in order to improve quality of care and correction of misconceptions about caring in nursing. Furthermore, we suggest changing student selection process to the nursing course so that more interested students will select nursing profession.   Keywords: Caring behaviors, Nurses’ perception, Determinant factors     Address: Nursing Department, Islamic Azad University-Urmia Branch, Airport Road, Urmia, Iran   Tel : (+98) 9143404534,   Email: salimitr@yahoo.co.uk   [1] Assistants Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University of Urmia Branch, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)   [2] Master Student in Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University of Tehran- Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran  [3] Associate Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University of Tehran- Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran  [4] Instructor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Islamic Azad University of Tehran- Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-738-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-738-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Sepehrian, F.}, title = {EFFECT OF, YOGA BASED LIFESTYLE INTERVENTION ON SLEEPING PROBLEM IN PERIMENOPAUSAL WOMEN}, abstract ={  Effect of, Yoga Based lifestyle intervention on sleeping problem in Perimenopausal women     Sepehrian F [1] *     Received: 3Oct, 2011 Accepted: 4 Dec, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims: Perimenopause is the stage of a woman's life that begins several years before menopause , when the ovaries gradually begin to produce less estrogen. A number of factors gang up in Perimenopause to disturb women's sleep. Most therapies for sleep problem use a mixture of different psycho physiological therapies including pharmacotherapy, cognitive therapy, and behavioral therapy. And some of them say that complementary methods as yoga are useful. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether yoga intervention has any effect on Perimenopausal women's problem sleep.   Materials & Methods: To achieve our aim, first the Pittsburgh sleep quality index was administered to women of 40-50 years old in the exercise classes. The base of the result questionnaires and interviews selected 20 subjects that had sleeping problem. Then 20 women who had poor sleep, but no sports experience were selected as control group. Experimental group participated in yoga for 10 weeks, 3 sessions of 1.5 hour. Finally Pittsburgh sleep quality index was administrated to both groups again. Analysis of the data involved both descriptive and inferential statistics including means, standard deviations, t-test and co-variance analyses.   Result: Analysis of the data submitted to t-test, and analysis of co-variance indicated significant differences between the pretest and posttest results. In other words, there was significant differences among the experimental vs., control group as for as the level of Impairment in daily functioning was decreased. Further analysis through the co-variance test showed that the level of sleep disorder significantly decreased in yoga group. Further more, there was no significant difference among groups, as far as the level of Delay in falling asleep.   Conclusion: The result of this study shows that yoga based lifestyle intervention has positive effects on Perimenopausal women's sleep problem.   Keywords: Sleep problem, Perimenopause, Yoga     Address: Urmia, Physical Education, University of Urmia, Tel: (+98) 9141451889   Email: F_Sepehrian@yahoo.com   [1] Assistant Professor , Faculty of Physical Education , Urmia University , Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-737-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Amirzadeh, J. and Amirzadeh, N. and Rasoli, J.}, title = {COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOOD CONSUMPTION PATTERNS IN URBAN AND RURAL ELDERLY POPULATION IN URMIA}, abstract ={  comparative study of food consumption Patterns In Urban and Rural Elderly Population In Urmia     Amirzadeh J [1] , Amirzadeh N [2] , Rasoli J [3] *     Received: 10 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 22 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : As elderly population is growing fast, it is vital to pay more attention to elevating elderly health care. Since aging is accompanied by specific diseases, nutritional problems decencies develop too. As health issues and nutrition habits are different in rural and urban people, this study surveys and compares the nutritional status in the rural and urban elderly people.   Materials & Methods : This cross sectional descriptive analytic study surveyed on dietary patterns. Data were collected using 72-hour recall and food frequency questionnaire, and anthropometric measurements on 432 aged people over 60 years living in rural and urban areas in Urmia. The data were analyzed by FP2 and SPSS.   Result : The mean BMI in the rural population was 24.9+3.99 and in the urban populations was 26.72+4.77 that shows significant difference. (p=0.001). According to Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) intak e of v itamins such as B1, B2, B3, B6, B12, E and calcium were not enough. The most inadequate intake was in B12 and calcium presenting a significant difference between groups.   Conclusion : The study showed elderly people living in rural areas had better nutritional statues than urban elderly people. Generally, both groups did not have standard nutritional habits so it is expected to design full implementation of the direct interventions.   Keywords: Elderly, Dietary patterns, Malnutrition     Address : Department of Public Health, Health and Paramedical Faculty, Nazlou Campus, Urmia, Iran, Tel: (+98)9144478494   Email : rslvd@yahoo.com   [1] PhD student in Health Education, UPM University, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia   [2] Instructor , Nursing Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [3] Instructor , Public Health Department , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-736-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-736-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rostami, H. and Golchin, M. and Mirzaei, A.}, title = {EVALUATION OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS OF NURSES FROM HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS’ PERSPECTIVE}, abstract ={  Evaluation OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS Of NURSES FROM HOSPITALIZED Patients' perspective     Rostami H [1] * , Golchin M [2] , Mirzaei A [3]     Received: 14 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 21 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : The ability to communicate effectively is one of the main problems of modern societies. Quality of services is powerfully related to effective communication skills. Studies showed that lack of effective communication is the main cause of dissatisfaction in health centers. This study aimed to investigate verbal and nonverbal communicational skills between nurses and patients in health and treatment centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive-analytical study was performed in treatment and educational centers of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2002. After considering variables such as number of beds, occupancy rate, and average length of stay per patient, the estimated sample size was 383. Data were collected with a questionnaire and analyzed by SPSS.   Result : From 383 cases, 53.8% were female and 46.2% were male. 40.3% of cases were illiterate and 1.3% were graduate. Nonverbal communication skills in 12.6% of nurses were low, in 50.8% middle and in 36.6% were good. Verbal communication skills in 39.6% of nurses were low, in 46.1% middle and in 14.3% were good.   Conclusion: Finding of this study showed that patients expect nurses to communicate more. In this study only 14.3% of nurses had good verbal communicational skills. Designing educational courses, regular watching for communication status, performing extensive investigations and evaluation of communication obstacles are mandatory.   Keywords: Skill, Verbal and non verbal communication, Nursing care, Patient-nurse communication     Address : Department of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Vali Asr Ave., Khoy, Iran   Tel: (+98)9144149256   Email: h_rostami_tab@yahoo.com   [1] Instructor, Nursing Department, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)*   [2] Master in Nursing , Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences   [3] Master in Nursing , Ophthalmology Alavi Hospital , Tabriz}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-735-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-735-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Haghighi, M. and Khalilzadeh, R.}, title = {A SURVEY ON RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MARITAL SATISFACTION AND PARENTING STYLES}, abstract ={  A survey on Relationship between Marital Satisfaction and Parenting styles     Haghighi M [1] , Khalilzadeh R [2] *     Received: 23 Aug, 2011 Accepted: 10 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims: One of the important factors that is effective on children's mental behavioral health is parenting style. Several factors influence parenting style such as culture, socioeconomic factors, and marital relationship. In this study we assessed the relationship between marital satisfaction and parenting styles.   Materials & Methods: In this correlation study marital satisfaction and parenting styles questionnaires were filled by 90 mothers of children in Tehran kindergartens.   The data were analyzed through Pearson's correlation coefficient.   Results: The finding revealed significant reverse relation between authoritarian style and marital satisfaction (p< 0.09). There was no significant relation between authoritative style and marital satisfaction.   Conclusion: The results were concurrent with spillover and compensatory hypotheses which showed there was relation between marital satisfactions leading to the positive parenting styles.   Keyword: Marital relationship, Marital satisfaction, Parenting styles     Address: Razi Hospital of Psychiatry, Urmia, Iran Tel: (+98) 9141411428   Email: r.kh_1341@yahoo.com   [1] Psychiatrist, Assistant Professor, Urmia university of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [2] Psychiatrist, Assistant Professor, Urmia university of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HaghighiMoghadam, Y. and Feizi, A. and Khalilzadeh, H.}, title = {SURVEY ON PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND DIETARY HABITS OF ADOLESCENCE IN HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS}, abstract ={  Survey on physical activity and dietary habits of adolescence in high school students     Haghighi Moghadam Y [1] , Feizi A [2] , Khalilzadeh H [3] *     Received: 21 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 29 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Health behavior of adolescence is effective on their health and health and development of a community. Proper nutrition and physical activity are the most important preventive health behaviors for adolescents. Poor or inappropriate dietary and physical activity habits increase the risk or incidence of chronic disease such as diabetes, hypertension and obesity among adolescents. This study aimed to assess physical activity and dietary habits of adolescents in high school students of Urmia   Materials & Methods : This descriptive, cross-sectional design was used on 1,600 students (boys and girls) that were selected with multi-stage sampling. Data were collected by youth health behavior questionnaire and were analyzed using descriptive statistics.   Result : The results of research related to nutrition showed that 3% of the sample didn’t have salad in 7 days, 19 % didn’t have vegetables and 32.6 % didn’t drink milk in 7 day while only 0.3 % drank neutral fruit juice during 7 days and 63.3% drank soda daily. The data related to physical activity showed 39.3 % didn’t have any physical activity in 7 days, 54% didn’t have physical activity and exercise in their school and 53.4% didn’t play in any team of sport while 51.4% watch television daily for more than 3 hours and 17.7% claimed to use computers and watch TV more than 5 hours a day.   Conclusion: Healthy lifestyle habits, including healthy eating and physical activity, lowers the risk of becoming obese and developing related diseases. Therefore parents and schools can build a strong foundation to effectively promote physical activity and healthy eating as well as other health-enhancing behaviors.   Keywords: Physical activity, D ietary habits, High school adolescence     Address: Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 9143611406   Email: hagigim@yahoo.com   [1] Instructor , Nursing Faculty , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia Iran (Corresponding Author)  [2] Assistant Professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [3] Instructor, Nursing Faculty , Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Baghaei, R. and Mohammadpour, Y. and Naderi, A. and Rasouli, D. and Sheikhi, N.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ACTIVE LEARNING MODEL ON COGNITIVE AND CLINICAL SKILLS AMONG ICU NURSING STUDENTS}, abstract ={  The Effect of Active Learning Model on Cognitive and Clinical Skills among ICU Nursing Students     Baghaei R [1] , Mohammadpour Y [2] *, Naderi A [3] , Rasouli D [4] , Sheikhi N [5]     Received: 4 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 15 Nov, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : The clinical education and evaluation of nursing education is a fundamental pillar. This study aimed to assess the achievement of nursing students in clinical skills.   Materials & Methods : This quasi-experimental study was done on 28 nursing students who were passing ICU courses and they were selected by statistic sampling and then using simple randomization method to case and control group .pre and posttest for cognitive skills and clinical skills for both group, with questionnaire and clinical skills was conducted for the check list. At the end of the 28 students’ course, their clinical skills were evaluated through same check list by their educator.   Result : The mean scores of all ICU skills achieved by the experiment group whit competency based education were significantly higher than of the control group (P= 0.000}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {1}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HemmatiMaslakpak, M. and Sheikhbaklu, M. and Baghaei, R. and Sheikhi, N.}, title = {STUDY THE PERFORMANCE OF NURSES COMMUNICATION WITH PATIENTS IN SPECIAL EDUCATION AND NON-TEACHING HOSPITAL, URMIA}, abstract ={  Study the performance of nurses communication with patients in special education and non- teaching hospital, Urmia     Hemmati Maslakpak M [1] * , Sheikhbaklu M [2] , Baghaei R [3] , Sheikhi N [4]     Received: 21 Dec, 2011 Accepted: 4 Feb, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Acceptable communication performance is essential for safe, effective, and suitable care . Proper communication is essential for data collection, diagnosis, treatment and patient education. This study aimed to determine the communication function of nurses with patients in critical unit of educational and non educational hospitals in Urmia.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive-analytical study was carried out with census sampling method with participation of 167 nurses working in Urmia city critical unit. Data were gathered using nurse communication function with patient questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical testes and spearman coefficient and independent T test.   Result : The average score of nurse communication with critical patients was 91.64 from 105, in other words, nurses working in critical unit of Urmia city evaluated their function about communication with patients in good level. A result of this study showed verbal communication of nurses working in non-educational hospitals was better than nurses working in educational hospitals , as respect, non verbal communication of nurses working in educational hospitals was better than nurses working in non educational hospitals and had a significant difference (p=0.012).   Conclusion: Appropriate communication of nurses with patients in critical unit, reduce anxiety of patients and improves their treatment process. Although nurses evaluated themselves in a good level of relationship with patients of critical parts but it is important to improve nurses’ education about communication skills.   Key words: Communication function, nurse, patients in critical unit, hospital     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961 Email : Hemmati_m@umsu.ac.ir   [1] PhD of nursing, Uremia University of Medical Sciences, Uremia(Corresponding Author)  [2] Nursing MSc student, Uremia University of Medical Sciences, Uremia  [3] PhD of management in nursing, Uremia University of Medical Sciences, Uremia  [4] Statistic expert, Uremia University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-833-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-833-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Nasiriani, K. H. and Vanaki, Z. and Ahmadi, F.}, title = {Explain of characteristics of a effectiveness Clinical Supervisor}, abstract ={  explain of characteristics of a effectiveness Clinical Supervisor     Nasiriani KH * [1] , Vanaki Z [2] , Ahmadi F [3]     Received: 23 Oct , 2011 Accepted: 11 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Clinical supervision is one of the core activities in professional care and it is the main path of support and professional development in nursing. Positive implications are considered for clinical supervision. Qualified supervisors lead to effective controlling and therefore, it is necessary to identify characteristics of an effectiveness (or a good) supervisors.   Materials & Methods : This qualitative research was conducted on 18 supervisors and nurses who were selected by purposive sampling method. Data collection was done using semi-structured interviews, observation and field notes and they were analyzed using arbitrary content analysis.Result: Based on the findings, the characteristics of an effective supervisor are as follows: sufficient knowledge skills, appropriates behavior, considering all issues, proper management, patterns of work and performance, sense of responsibility and commitment, supportive, active listener, educator, incentives, note the real issues, positive thinker and as the central theme considering all the points that includes others.   Conclusion: Based on the result an effective supervisor needs to have wide and broad spectrum characteristics and attributes that need to know for implement of effective clinical supervision. Also it helps managers for preparing suitable management and choosing of supervisor.   Keywords: Characteristics, Clinical supervisor, Nursing     Address: Tehran, Tarbiat Modarres University, Medical Sciences Building, Fifth, Fourth Floor, Department of Nursing, Tel: (+98)9123593437   Email : nasiriani@gmail.com   [1] Nursing Ph.D. student Tarbiat Modarres University Tehran (Corresponding author)  [2] Associate Professor Nursing Tarbiat Modarres University Tehran  [3] Associate Professor Nursing, Faculty of Education Tarbiat Modarres University Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-832-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-832-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {MahmodzadehArdakani, H. and AkbariKaji, M. and Abotalabi, G. and Mohamannazhad, A. and GHaforifard, M.}, title = {EFFECT OF ACUPRESSURE ON LOW BACK PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH SPONDYLARTHRITIS}, abstract ={  Effect of acupressure on low back pain in patients with spondylarthritis     Mahmodzadeh Ardakani H [1] *, Akbari Kaji M [2] , Abotalabi G [3] , Mohamannazhad A [4] , GHaforifard M [5]     Received: 21 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 14 Jan, 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : Arthritis of the lumbar spine is known as Disk Arthritis. The most common and most important sign of Disk Arthritis is back pain. Acupressure is among the methods of alternative medicine, its impact in reducing pain in various parts of the body and confirming invasive intervention does not account. Therefore, this study’s aim is to determine the effect of acupressure on the rate of low back pain in patients with disc arthritis that referred to selected clinics in Isfahan in 2010.   Materials & Methods : This study is a clinical trial. Samples for this study included 40 patients with disc arthritis referred to clinics in Isfahan hospitals: Alzahra, Sadughi, Kashani and Shariati. Samples including 40 patients of spondylarthritis were selected by stratified .   Intervention (Acupressure technique) was performed for twenty minutes by professional acupuncture. Measurements were taken before and after intervention and recorded the intensity of pain's Samples by visual analog scale and numerical rating scale. For analyzing the data descriptive and analytical statistical methods (paired-sample T-test) and computer software SPSS18 were used .   Result : The mean of pain after intervention (3.82) significantly decreased in comparison with before intervention (6.10). (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-831-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-831-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Issazadegan, A. and shykhi, S. and Banehasmishishevan, R. and Salmanpour, H.}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FORGIVENESS AND D-TYPE PERSONALITY WITH HOPE IN PATIENT WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE IN URMIA CITY}, abstract ={  The relationships between forgiveness and D-type personality with hope in patient with coronary heart disease in Urmia city     Issazadegan A [1] , shykhi S [2] , Banehasmishishevan SR [3] , Salmanpour H [4]     Received: 12 Oct, 2011 Accepted: 15 Jan, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Many studies have demonstrated the role of psychological and behavioral risk factors in the etiology and pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders. The present research aimed to examine the relationship between psychological factors D- type personality and forgiveness with hope level among individual suffering from coronary heart disease.   Materials & Methods : 132 patients from three hospital of Urmia city and private offices were selected by available sampling method. The D-type Personality Scale (Denollet), Heartland Forgiveness Scale (HFS), and Snyder Hope Scale (HS) were used as analyzing tools. Data was analyzed using correlation and stepwise regression analysis method.   Result : The results showed that there was significant positive relationship between hope and forgiveness (r=/038,p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-830-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-830-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {FeiziPour, H. and Farjah, G. H. and Qaderneghad, M.}, title = {THE STUDY OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEMORY AND ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION WITH GENDER AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF STUDENTS OF URMIA MEDICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY}, abstract ={  The study of the relationship between memory and achievement motivation with gender and academic achievement of students of Urmia Medical Sciences University     Feizi Pour H [1] *, Farjah GH [2] , Qaderneghad M [3]     Received: 9 Nov , 2011 Accepted: 21 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Memory gives possibility to mental life of human including thoughts, perceptions, opinions, and in general, learning. Academic failure rely on the weakness of memory is an internal and durable supporting oneself influences on the learning strongly and negatively. The purpose of this research is the study of the effect of memory and motivation with gender and academic achievement in order to prevent students from falling.   Materials & Methods : 89 of successful and unsuccessful of non-medical and medical students from both sexes were under investigation by measuring short-term and long-term memories and the achievement motive. Measuring instrument of this study were Short-term and long-term memories tests, AMT and mean average of the students. And finally the analysis of variance was used for analyzing data .   Result : There was no significant difference between Short-term and long-term memories in both sexes. Also between short-term and long-term memories of successful and unsuccessful students as well as medical and non-medical students no significant differences were observed . But in our study we found significant difference between achievement motivation in both successful and unsuccessful students. Finally in this study females showed significantly higher motivation than males.   Conclusion: The results showed that success or failure of students in all courses and grades in both sexes is more related to the motivation than memory .   Key words: Memory, Motivation, Gender, Academic Achievement, Student     Address : Counseling Office of Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran,   TEL: (+098)441-2937286   Email : h.feizipour@yahoo.com   [1] MSC of Educational psychology ,Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)  [2] Assistant Professor of Anatomical science, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran  [3] BS of General psychology ,Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-829-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-829-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Arab, Z. and Shariati, A. R. and Bahrami, H. R. and Asayesh, H. and Vakili, M. A.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ACUPRESSURE ON QUALITY OF SLEEP IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS}, abstract ={  The Effect of Acupressure on Quality of Sleep in hemodialysis patients     Arab Z [1] *, Shariati AR [2] , Bahrami HR [3] , Asayesh H [4] , Vakili MA [5]     Received: 9 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 20 Dec, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : Sleep disturbance is a common complaint among patients with end-stage renal disease. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of acupressure on the quality of sleep in hemodialysis patients.   Materials & Methods : in this randomized double blind clinical trial, 108hemodialysis patientsof ‎ ‌ ‌ three hemodialysis units of Imam Reza, Shahid Hasheminejad and Emam Zaman hospitals of Mashhad city were assigned to three groups: acupressure, sham acupressure, and the control group via balanced randomized method. The subjects in the acupressure group were given a massage of the Shenmen (HT7) points on the wrists for three minutes on each point for three times a week, for up to four weeks during dialysis. The same technique was used for subjects in the sham acupressure group however it was done 1-1.5 centimeter away from the main points. For control group, they were only given the usual medical care. Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Questionnaire and the Sleep Log were used for gathering the data and for data analysis one way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, paired t-test, Wilcoxon, and repeated measure ANOVA were used.   Result : the global score of PSQI (p = 0.000) and subscale scores of the subjective sleep quality (p = 0.000), sleep latency (p = 0.000), sleep duration (p = 0.000), sleep sufficiency (p = 0.000), sleep disturbance (p=0.003), and daily performance (p = 0.000) were improved in acupressure group patients after intervention. In paired analysis of the groups (the acupressure group with the sham acupressure group and the control group in respect), a significant difference was found in the global score and all the subscale scores, but this difference was not significant in terms of sleep sufficiency and sleep medication. According to the results of the Sleep Log, an increase in sleep quality and a decrease in the number of sleepless periods during night were found for the acupressure group.   Conclusion: The study shows that acupressure has a positive effect on the sleep quality of patients undergoing dialysis, and it can be used as a noninvasive way to treat sleep disturbance in such patients.   Keywords: Acupressure, Hemodialysis, ‎ Sleep quality     Address: 2 km road to Gorgan, Sari, Gorgan University of Medical Sciences (Philosophical Foundation), Faculty of of Nursing and Midwifery boyeh , Tel : (+98) 1714426900 Email: shariati1382@yahoo.com   [1] MSc of Critical Care Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery boyeh gorgan(Corresponding Auther )   [2] MSc of Nursing Education, Assistant Professor of University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran   [3] P.h.D of Medical, Specialist of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Assistant Professor of University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran  [4] MSc of Nursing, Assistant Professor of University of Medical Sciences, Qom,Iran  [5] P.h.D of Biostatistician, Assistant Professor of University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-828-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-828-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Soleimannejad, A. and Hamdami, P. and Soudi, H.}, title = {INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN COPING SKILLS AND CAREER EXHAUSTION WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF URMIA DOCTORS}, abstract ={  Investigating the relationship between coping skills and career exhaustion with psychological health of Urmia doctors     Soleimannejad A [1] , Hamdami P [2] , Soudi H [3]     Received: 30 Aug, 2011 Accepted: 23 Oct, 2011     Abstract   Background & Aims : This research was conducted to study the relationship between the coping skills and career exhaustion with psychological health of Urmia doctors.   Materials ;Methods: This descriptive-correlation study was conducted on 313 (83 specialists, 230 general doctors) physicians that were selected via proportionate stratified sampling method. Maslach burnout scale, Goldenberg mental health questionnaire and Lazarus and Folkman coping strategies were used to measure the variables.   Results : Career exhaustion is suitable predictor of mental health. There were significant negative relationships between confronting ways and psychological health. There was significant positive relationship between confronting ways and career exhaustion. There was significant negative relationship between career exhaustion and psychological health. There were no difference between male and female on coping skills and career exhaustion and psychological health.   Conclusion: These finding highlight the importance of training coping skills and developing prevention programs for enhancing psychological health in relationship with coping skills and career exhaustion.   Keywords : Coping skills, Career exhaustion, Psychological health     Address : Payame Noor University, 8 Shahrivar St., Urmia, Iran, Tel: (+98) 9144611631 Email: Dr.a.solan@gmail.com   [1] Assistant Professor of Psychology, 19395-4697, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)  [2] Master in Psychology  [3] MA Student in Educational science}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-827-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-827-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Saki, M. and Gholami, M. and Jariani, M. and Asti, P. and Saki, M.}, title = {THE STUDY OF STRESSFUL FACTORS IN CLINICAL EDUCATION FOR NURSING STUDENTS STUDYING IN NURSING AND MIDWIFERY COLLEGE IN KHORRAMABAD}, abstract ={  The study of stressful factors in clinical education for nursing students studying in Nursing and Midwifery college in KhorramAbad     Saki M [1] *, Gholami M [2] , Jariani M [3] , Asti P [4] , Saki M [5]     Received: 23 Oct , 2011 Accepted: 5 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Clinical education is the main part of nursing education and without it training efficient and competent nurses is far reaching. Any problem in clinical education may damage the efficiency of education program. The present study tries to investigate the stress factors in clinical education among nursing students in Nursing and Midwifery College in Khorram Abad.   Materials & Methods : This cross-sectional study was conducted on 95 cases were selected and studied. The data were collected and analyzed.   Result : The results show that among the environmental and education factors, there are some stressful factors facing the emergency patients such as excessive number of the students in a single ward, the initial care giving in the presence of public, lack of adequate skill and making stress on the part of the instructor while doing his/her duty as well as students’ fear of being infected to infectious diseases.   Conclusion: Since the stressful factors may affect clinical education negatively and have negative effects on the aims of clinical education, it is recommended to remove or reduce these factors.   Keywords: Stressful factors, Clinical education, Nursing students, Improvement in clinical education     Address: Kmalvnd Road, Town University, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Khorramabad , Tel : (+98) 9163691473   Email: mandana_saki@yahoo.com   [1] MSc Instructor of Nursing , Faculty of Lorestan University Medical Sciences(Corresponding Author)  [2] MSc, Faculty of Lorestan University Medical Sciences   [3] Professor Assistant Psychiatry, Faculty of Lorestan University Medical Sciences  [4] MSc,Faculty of Lorestan University Medical Sciences  [5] MSc,Faculty of Lorestan University Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-826-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-826-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rezaei, K. and Kouhestani, H. R. and Nejat, N. and EbrahimiFakhar, H. R.}, title = {COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF CONCEPT MAPPING AND NURSING PROCESS ON SELF-REGULATED LEARNING, SELF-EFFICACY AND COGNITIVE STRATEGIES IN NURSING STUDENTS}, abstract ={  Comparison of the effect of concept mapping and nursing process on self-regulated learning, self-efficacy and cognitive strategies in Nursing Students     Rezaei K [1] *, Kouhestani H [2] , Nejat N [3] , Ebrahimi Fakhar H [4]     Received: 12 Oct , 2011 Accepted: 20 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The success of nursing students depends on the understanding of complex concepts and applying them in their care, nursing process is a linear model that can't show the relationships between concepts. Concept map is a meta-cognition strategy that can enhance the learning process by showing the relationship between concepts. This study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of concept mapping and nursing process on self-regulated learning, self-efficacy and cognitive strategies of nursing students of Arak University of Medical Sciences.   Materials & Methods : This was a pre-post quasi-experimental study with control group of 53 nursing students participating. They were divided randomly into two groups, control (nursing process, n=25) and experimental group (concept mapping, n=28). Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ) was used to assess self-regulated learning, self-efficacy and cognitive strategies. Data were analyzed by SPSS-16 software using independent t test.   Result : There were not statistical differences of pretest scores and demographic characteristics between two groups. The increase in self-efficacy and cognitive strategies posttest mean scores in comparison to pretest was statistically significant in concept mapping group (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-825-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-825-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hekmatkhah, A. and Rahimi, H. and KamaliAghdam, M. and TaghaviShahri, M. and Sadeghifar, J. and Hamouzadeh, P.}, title = {ASSESSING THE PREPAREDNESS RATE AGAINEST EARTHQUAKE RISK IN HOSPITALS AFFILIATED TO URMIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2011}, abstract ={  Assessing the Preparedness Rate Againest Earthquake Risk in Hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences 2011     Hekmatkhah A [1] , Rahimi H [2] , Kamali Aghdam M [3] , Taghavi Shahri SM [4] , Sadeghifar J [5] , Hamouzadeh P [6] *     Received: 22 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 15 Jan, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The necessity for providing appropriate services in hospitals during an earthquake is imperative that is needful comprehensive preparedness of hospitals. This study was performed to assess the preparedness of hospitals affiliated to the Urmia University of Medical Sciences against earthquake risk in 2011.   Materials & Methods : This cross-sectional study was performed in all hospitals affiliated to Urmia University of Medical Sciences that located in province centers. Data were collected using checklist and the interview and observation existing documents. The data was Analyzed by SPSS 19 and using Fisher's exact and Spearman correlation coefficient tests.   Result : From 8 surveyed themes, the highest level of preparedness against earthquake risk was in management disaster plan and the least level of preparedness was in the planning efforts in the field of environmental health. Results showed that six hospitals were located in very poor level, three hospitals in poor level and one hospital in the middle level of preparedness against earthquakes risk. Overall average mean of hospital preparedness against earthquakes was 20.07 percent. Based upon Spearman correlation coefficient test, a statistically significant relationship was seen within the area of the planning essential equipment and supplies and planning to support vital services (r=0.824, p=0.003).   Conclusion: Based upon the results, the overall level of preparedness rate of hospitals against earthquake risk was assessed in the poor level. It is recommended while developing short term educational programs in crisis management and continuing that implement, where possible retrofitting non-structural hospitals to be considered as a priority.   Keywords: Preparedness, Disaster, Earthquake, Hospital     Address: Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Ave, Enghelab Square, Tehran, Iran. Tel : (+98) 9144469161 Email: pejman.hamouzadeh@gmail.com   [1] Vice-Chancellor for Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [2] Vice-Chancellor for Logistic, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [3] Chief of Motahari Hospital, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [4] MSc Student, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  [5] PhD Student, Department of Health Service Management, School of Management and Medical Information, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran  [6] PhD Student, Department of Health Management and Economics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-824-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-824-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Habibzade, H. and Davarpanah, M. and Khalkhali, H. R.}, title = {THE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF OREM SELF CARE MODEL ON SELF EFFICACY IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS IN URMIA MEDICAL SCIENCE HOSPITALS DURING 2011}, abstract ={  The Study of the Effect of Orem Self Care Model on Self Efficacy in Hemodialysis Patients in Urmia medical science Hospitals during 2011     Habibzade H [1] , Davarpanah M [2] , Khalkhali HR [3]     Received: 11 Nov , 2011 Accepted: 19 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Self- efficacy is the belief of a person on his ability in order to succeed in a particular situation. It is essential to increase self-efficacy motivation on hemodialysis patients and planning on it. Using nursing theories especially Orem theory could be effective in self-efficacy improvement. So this study has been done in 2011 in order to evaluate the effect of Orem self care model on self efficacy in hemodialysis patients.   Materials & Methods : This research is a quasi experimental case control study. Data were collected through a questionnaire. Sixty patients were chosen according to none randomized method, and then equally divided into two groups as case and control groups (30 patients in each group). After pretest, the self care plan was done through three phases on case group as follows 1- Self care assessment 2- intervention in physical, psychological and social domain of self care 3- Controlling patients for 45 days, then the post test was carried out. The data were analyzed with SPSS software, Independent T, Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests.   Result : Results showed that there was no significant difference between self care (P=0.77) and self- efficacy (p=0.95) mean scores. While in post test step there was a significant difference in self care between two groups (P=0.04). But there was no significant difference between two groups in self efficacy before and after the intervention (P=0.418).   Conclusion: According to the dependency to caring in hemodialysis patients, knowing their self care needs according to the nursing theories and caring programs might help fit the patient's condition and promote self efficacy activities.   Keywords: Self efficacy, Hemodialysis, Orem self care model     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 9143613011 Email : Habibz_H@Yahoo.com   [1] Assistant Professor , PhD Nursing , member of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty , Urmia University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding author )   [2] Student Special Critical Care Nursing , Nursing and Midwifery Faculty , Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [3] Assistant Professor , PhD , Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-823-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-823-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HajiHossaini, F. and Sharifnia, H. and Nazari, R. and Rezaei, R. and Saatsaz, S.}, title = {DRUG AND INTRAVENOUS THRAPY BASIC CLINICAL SKILLS IN NURSING STUDENTS AT THE END OF THIRD YEAR}, abstract ={  Drug and intravenous thrapy basic clinical skills in nursing students at the end of third year     Haji Hossaini F [1] *, Sharifnia SH [2] , Nazari R [3] , Rezaei R [4] ,Saatsaz S [5]     Received: 9 Sep, 2011 Accepted: 20 Oct, 2011     Abstract:   Background & Aims : Learning drugs and intravenous therapy are necessary for nursing students. This study was done with the aim of assessing the Drug and intravenous therapy basic clinical skills in nursing students at the end of third year.   Materials & Methods : This is a descriptive-cross sectional study and the sample was 107 seventh semester nursing students of Babol University at the end of third year. Questionnaire was used as an instrument for evaluation, evaluating likert scale (never perform or seen=1, confident & independent=5). Questionnaires were completed in first day of internship course and collected on the same day. Analysis of data was done with spss-16 and descriptive statistic and non-parametric tests. Also, student self-esteem affected the answers that researchers couldn’t control it.   Result : 91.6 %( 98) of samples were female and 84.1 %( 90) of them had not academic clinical work experience. Student average score was 16.01 in past semesters. The mean score of students skill in intravenous solution preparation and its administration were 4.96±0.44, drug administration via bolus and mini-infusion pump were 4.87±0.29 and intramuscular injection 4.87±0.44 and were more than others. Lowest students skill were in dosage and drop calculation with 4.28±0.67 and intradermal injection with 4.32±1.13.There is a significant relation between academic clinical work experience and intravenous therapy skill (p=0.02).   Conclusion: the result of this study identified the strengths and weaknesses of nursing students in the Drug and intravenous therapy basic clinical skills. In time detection of these points, educational improve support and more powerful nursing delivery to society.   Keywords: Drug and intravenous therapy, Clinical skills, Nursing students     Address: Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Tel: (+98) 9113219379 Email: Fatemeh.hajihosseini@gmail.com   [1] MS in Nursing, Lecturer, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran (corresponding author)  [2] MS in Nursing, Lecturer, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran  [3] MS in Nursing, Lecturer, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran  [4] MS in Nursing, Lecturer, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran  [5] MS in Midwifery , Lecturer, Faculty Member of Nursing and Midwifery Zeinab Amol, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-822-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-822-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Takfallah, L. and Najafi, A. and Parsaniya, Z. and Firoze, M.}, title = {THE INVESTIGATION ABOUT CONTINUING AND EFFECTING CONTRACEPTIVE IN SEMNAN}, abstract ={  The investigation about continuing and effecting contraceptive in semnan     Takfallah L [1] *, Najafi A [2] , Parsaniya Z [3] , Firoze M [4]     Received: 26 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 29 Jan, 2012     Absteract   Background & Aims : Nowadays a lot of works are being carried out in family planning which is also increasing However, about 8 to 30 million of unwanted pregnancy happens annually because of not using the contraceptive methods continually. In this study, the maintaining use of the methods and effective factors in their interruption are investigated.   Materials & Methods : This study is peripheral and descriptive. The Studied women were 15 to 49 years old that had stop their contraceptive methods.486 women were selected randomly. Data were collected by questionnaires that have been validated by content validation method and for determining the final result, Bakh test with coefficient of 91% has been used. After collecting data by SPSS software, they were analyzed by statistics tests such as variance analyzing and Kay and Caplan Mayer square tests .   Result : This study indicates the most common contraceptive method being used iscandom (41.7%), and the lowest common method been used is IUD(3/4%) . the average time of using the contraceptive methods for Iud, Ocp, candom and DMPA are 12.3, 422.4, 814.79 and 14.610, respectively. The most important reason for stoping the use of ocp (changing the method 30 % ( candom (husband’s resistance and fear of being not effective 22%) IUD (bleeding and spotting 48%) DMPA (changing the method 28%)   Conclusion: In addition to the coherent and more scientific trainings, motivational counseling with cooperating of couples in the inception time and the first six months is suggested   Keywords: Hormonal contraceptive, condom, IUD     Address: Faculty of Nursing & midwifery, Semnan Islamic azad university, semnan unit,Iran   Tel : (+98) 9125731437 Email: takfallah773@gmail.com   [1] Faculty of Midwifery , Islamic Azad University of Semnan (Corresponding Auther)   [2] Local Residen  [3] Nursing Department Faculty Islamic Azad University, Semnan  [4] Nursing Department Faculty Islamic Azad University, Semnan}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-821-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-821-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Pourheydar, B. and Joghataei, M. T. and Najafzadeh, N.}, title = {ENHANCED NEUROPATHIC PAIN FOLLOWING INTRASPINALY INJECTION OF SCHWANN CELLS IN CONTUSION MODEL OF SPINAL CORD INJURY}, abstract ={  Enhanced neuropathic pain following intraspinaly injection of Schwann cells in contusion model of spinal cord injury     Pourheydar B [1] *, Joghataei MT [2] , Najafzadeh N [3]     Received: 6 Nov , 2011 Accepted: 20 Jan , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to sensorimotor deficits and neuropathic pain (NP). Cell therapy is a common method for treatment of SCI. The mechanism which has been explained for development of NP including: transplantation of stem cell leads to differentiation of these cells to astrocytes, and these cells secretes NGF which leads to axonal sprouting in dorsal horn neurons and this leads to NP. Since Schwann cells (SCs) are commonly used in cell therapy, we sought to investigate whether intraspinaly injection of these cells develop NP.   Materials & Methods : 24 male Wistar rats were used. SCs were cultured, model of SCI was performed and rats were divided into the three groups including: a control group, an experiment group and a sham group. In control group only a laminectomy was performed, the experiment group received SCs intraspinaly. The sham group received serum in the same way. Locomotion was assessed using BBB test and NP was assessed by withdrawal threshold test.   Result : Significant improvement was observed in the BBB scores in experiment group (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-820-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-820-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Baghaee, R. and Nourani, D. and Khalkhali, H. R. and Pirnejad, H.}, title = {EVALUATING PATIENT SAFETY CULTURE IN PERSONNEL OF ACADEMIC HOSPITALS IN URMIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN 2011}, abstract ={  Evaluating Patient Safety Culture in Personnel of Academic Hospitals in Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2011     Baghaei R [1] , Nourani D [2] * , Khalkhali HR [3] , Pirnejad H [4]     Received: 10 Oct , 2011 Accepted: 2 Jan , 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : Healthcare organizations in Iran are striving to improve patient safety and quality of care through implementation of safety systems and creating a culture of safety. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rate of supporting a culture of patient safety at Urmia hospitals.   Materials & Methods : In this descriptive-analytical and cross- sectional study the Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture standard questionnaire was used to assess the culture of patient safety in Urmia that was prepared by The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The survey questionnaire was distributed hospital-wide in 4 hospitals of Urmia city, to 500 health professionals including nurses, physicians, staffs of radiology ward, staffs of laboratory ward, supervisors/managers.   Result : Overall Patient Safety Grade was rated as excellent or very good by 23% of respondents, acceptable by 52%, poor 20% and failing by 5%, respectively. 70% of respondents believed that the staff feels not free to question the decisions or actions of those with more authority. Areas of strength for most hospitals were teamwork within units, handoffs and transitions. Areas with potential for improvement for most hospitals were non-punitive response to error, frequency of events reported, staffing, and communication openness, management support for patient safety, feedback and communication about errors. By using regression model we determined some patients’ culture safety aspects that were important in overall grade.   Conclusion: Leadership is a critical element to the effectiveness of patient safety initiatives. Response to errors is an important determinant of safety culture in healthcare organizations. In order for healthcare organizations to create a culture of safety and improvement, they must eliminate fear of blame and create a climate of open communication and continuous learning.   Keywords: Safety climate, Patient Safety, Patient Safety Culture     Address : Nursing Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences , Tel : (+98) 9141404298   Email : nouranid51@yahoo.com   [1] Assistant Professor of Nursing Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [2] M.Sc. Alumni of Intensive Care Nursing, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Auther)   [3] Assistant Professor Faculty of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [4] Assistant Professor Faculty of Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-819-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Barati, M. and Moeini, B. and Samavati, A. and Salehi, O.}, title = {ASSESSMENT OF COMMUNICATION SKILLS LEVEL AMONG MEDICAL COLLEGE STUDENTS: VERBAL, LISTENING, AND FEEDBACK SKILLS}, abstract ={  Assessment of Communication skills Level among Medical college students: Verbal, Listening, and Feedback Skills     Barati M [1] , Moeini B [2] *, Samavati A [3] , Salehi O [4]     Received: 23 Oct, 2011 Accepted: 19 Jan, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims: Communication skills are among the most important characteristics that a medical student requires. Since, communications skills have not been described for the medical students . The aim of this study is to assess the communication skills level among medical college students of Hamadan.   Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 400 college students of Hamadan University of medical sciences which were recruited with a stratified sampling method. A questionnaire was used for data collection which measured the feedback, listening, and verbal skills. Validity and reliability of questionnaire were approved. Data were analyzed with SPSS-13 software using coefficient correlation, T test and ANOVA.   Results: The subjects reported 18, 19 and 17.8% of receivable scores of verbal, listening, and feedback communication, respectively. Significant differences in average score of communication skills related to gender, marriage status, degree, and education level were seen (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-818-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-818-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {EbrahimiRigiTanha, Z. and Baghaei, R. and Feizi, A.}, title = {A SURVEY OF FREQUENCY AND TYPE OF MEDICAL ERRORS DONE BY NURSING STUDENTS OF URMIA MEDICAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY IN 1390}, abstract ={  A survey of frequency and type of medical errors done by nursing students of Urmia Medical Sciences University in 1390     Ebrahimi Rigi Tanha Z [1] , Baghaei R [2] , Feizi A [3] *     Received: 16 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 5 Jan, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aim: Medication errors are among the most common medical errors. Nursing students may commit these errors. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the frequency and type of medication errors done by nursing students.   Materials & Methods : In this descriptive study, 54 senior (7th and 8th semesters) students of Urmia Nursing and Midwifery school were recruited by census. Data were gathered by a structured questionnaire and were analyzed through descriptive statistics.   Results: The highest error was done in the medicine phase (87.3%). The most common error reported was giving the medication later or earlier than its prescribed time (20.7%) and the next one was to forget giving the prescribed medication to patients (14.7%). Antibiotics were the most common drugs on which the error was done.   Conclusion : The results of this study showed that the frequency of medication error done by nursing students is high. Therefore the universities have to include some effective strategies in their training programs in order to avoid medication errors and improve the patients' safety.   Keywords : patient safety, Medication error, Nursing student     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran, Tel: (+98) 9144462770   Email : aramfeizi@yahoo.com   [1] Master student, Faculty of Nursing, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran  [2] Assistant professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery school, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [3] Assistant professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery school, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {2}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-817-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-817-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Valizadeh, S. and Agamohamadi, M. and Mohammadi, E. and Abrahimi, H.}, title = {HEALTH ACCORDING TO THE EXPERIENCES OF IRANIAN WOMEN WITH DIABETES: A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY}, abstract ={  Health according to the experiences of Iranian women with diabetes: A phenomenological study     Valizadeh S [1] *, Agamohamadi M [2] , Mohammadi S [3] , Abrahimi H [4]     Received: 11 Feb, 2012 Accepted: 10May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : To reach a holistic approach for treating patients, being familiar with patients' perception of their own health be an important matter. This study was carried out to determine the meaning of health from the viewpoint of diabetic women.   Materials & Methods : The study was conducted using the qualitative phenomenology method. 22 diabetic women who were suffering from type 2 diabetes for at least one year and were willing to express their experiences were selected employing purposive sampling technique. Data were collected with the use of semi-structured interviews. All interview were tape recorded and transcribed verbatim and were analysed simultaneously with the Van Manen method.   Result : The patients' perspectives of their health introduced health as a multi-dimensional phenomenon which was divided into four groups of physical, psychological, sociological and spiritual dimensions. All the groups were closely connected, however the psychological and spiritual aspects were considered more important. Most of the responses in the physical dimension were related to having independence. Feeling comfort and happiness was one of the main points in the psychological dimension and in the spiritual aspect disease as Gods will had an important role in the answers.   Conclusion: In this study, participants reported health as not just feeling physically healthy. The attention of the patients towards other health dimensions especially psychological and spiritual aspects shown that if patients are not feeling physically healthy, intervention the other dimensions of health could help for improving the physical aspect as well as all the other aspects of health.   Key words: Health, Diabetes, Women, Phenomenology, Iran     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University ofMedical Sciences   Tel : (+98) 9143098650   Email: Valizadehs @tbzmed.ac.ir   [1] NursingPhD , Assistant Professorof Nursing andMidwifery , Tabriz Universityof Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)  [2] Master of Nursing, Nursing Ph.D. Student , Instructor Department Tabriz University of Medical Sciencs  [3] Nursing PhD, Associate Professor, TarbiatModares University Tehra n  [4] NursingPhD , Assistant Professorof Nursing andMidwifery , Tabriz Universityof MedicalSciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-952-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-952-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mirmolaei, T. and AmelValizadeh, M. and Mahmoodi, M. and Tavakol, Z.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF POSTPARTUM HOME CARE ON MATERNAL PRACTICES IN INFANT CARE}, abstract ={  The effect of postpartum home care on maternal practices in infant care     Mirmolaei ST [1] , AmelValizadeh M [2] , Mahmoodi M [3] , Tavakol Z * [4]     Received: 10 Apr, 2012 Accepted: 30May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims: Mothers are the firstattentive for infants, any factor may have impact on mother health, will affect wellbeing of infantandconsequently community health. The aim of this research was to identify the effect of post partum home care on mothers’ practices in infant care.   Materials and methods: This randomized, controlled clinical trial study was conducted at a health center in Tehran city in 2011. The sample study included 200 mothers who had attended to Akbar Abad health care center with the purpose of screening test for their infants. They were equally randomized into two case and control groups (100 in each group).Control group mothers received second and third post partum care in health care center while case group received their post partum cares at their home. Data collection tools were questionnaire, checklist, growthcharts, barometers, babyscales, thermometers and meters . The questionnaire was aboutdemographic information of participantsand the quality of mothers’ practices in infant care. Data were analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics (Chi-square tests, Mann-WhitneyandWilcoxon) by usingSPSS 18.0and data with p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-951-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-951-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mosazadeh, H. and Mergathy, E. and Asgarnejad, A. and Mergathy, T. and Sadagianifar, A. and Motevallian, A.}, title = {EFFECTIVENESS OF DIALECTICAL BEHAVIORAL THERAPY WITH RELIGIOSITY APPROACH AS TREATMENT FOR INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE COMMITTED BY MEN, IRAN, URMIA, 2006-7}, abstract ={  Effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy with religiosity approach as treatment for intimate partner violence committed by men, Iran, Urmia, 2006-7     Mosazadeh H [1] *, Mergathy KE [2] , Asgarnejad FA [3] , Mergathy KT [4] , Tagdisi MH [5] , Motevallian A [6]     Received: 21 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 13 Apr, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims: According to reports, intimate partner violence is a serious threat to public health. While the most of therapies focus on the victims, it seems necessary to study viable therapies for offenders.   Materials & Methods : To survey the effectiveness of dialectical behavioral therapy with a religiosity approach on intimate partner violence, 38 men who had committed physical violence against their partners were assessed in a randomized controlled trial. Blocking randomized allocation was used to divide the sample study into intervention and comparison groups. The therapy used in the intervention group was dialectical behavioral with religiosity approach. Cognitive therapy was used for the comparison group. Violence and religiosity has marked two months before and after treatment with a validated intimate partner violence questionnaire of Iran Medical University and modified religiosity project scale of Boston University.   Result: According to this study dialectical behavioral therapy with religiosity approach in treatment of physical or psychic violence is more effective than cognitive therapy (p=0.018 for physical violence and p=0.011 for psychic violence). Our results have also shown that religiosity has a negative correlation with intimate partner violence.   Conclusion: Dialectical behavioral therapy with religiosity approach should be considered as the effectual method for treatment of intimate partner violence. Religion has a strong influence on preventing of violence among partner.   Key words: Intimate Partner Violence, Religiosity, Dialectic-Behavioral Therapy, Cognitive Therapy.     Address: Urmia social development & health promotion research center   Tel: (+98)9143459408   Email : Hoseinmosazadeh@Gmail.com   [1] Mental Health Researcher, Iran, Urmia, healthcenter, Researchcenter, UUMS(Corresponding Author)*  [2] Health Faculty, Iran Medical University, Assistant of health promotionSexual Researcher  [3] Mental Health Research center of Iran, Assistant of Clinical Psychology  [4] Samt Organization of Tehran, Assisant of Theism  [5] Chief of Health Faculty of Iran Medical University, Assistant of Health Promotion  [6] Health Faculty Iran Medical University, Assisant of Epidemiology}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-950-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-950-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Mohammadalizadeh, S. and Kazami, F. and FarshbafKhalili, A. and Saidi, S.}, title = {EFFECT OF LIDOCAINE GEL ON PAIN FROM COPPER IUD INSERTION: A RANDOMIZED DOBELL BLIND CONTROLLED TRIAL}, abstract ={  Effect of lidocaine gel on pain from copper IUD insertion: A randomized Dobell blind controlled trial     Mohammad alizadeh S [1] , Kazami F [2] , FarshbafKhalili A [3] , Saidi S [4]     Received: 19 Feb, 2012 Accepted: 20May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The copper bearing intrauterine device (IUD) is a long-term, reversible contraception method that is as effective as tubal sterilization. Its insertion pain or fear of it may make women hesitate to use an IUD. This study aimed to determine the effect of lidocaine gel on pain from copper IUD insertion.   Materials & Methods : This study was done among 96 women at a health center in Tabriz. The subjects were allocated into three groups using random blocking with 6 and 9 block sizes considering allocation concealment. Inone group, lidocaine 2% gel and in the second, lubricant gel was placed in the cervical canal by a sterile swab one minute before IUD insertion and the third group got no intervention. IUD inserter was blind for the gels used and subjects and the pain assessor were blind for intervention. One expert midwife inserted all the IUDs. Immediately after IUD insertion, pain during the insertion was measured using 0-10 cm visual analogue scale, with the value of 10 meaning ‘‘worst imaginable pain.’’One way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, unpaired t-test, Mann-Whitney and linear regression in SPSS-13 were used to identify effect of lidocaine gel on the pain.   Result : Overall, the mean pain score was 3.5±1.8. In univariate analysis, there was no significant difference in pain scores between three groups. Comparison of frequencies and univariate analysis showed difference in some possible confounding factors between the groups. Results of linear regression model by controlling effect of the possible confounding factors including history of vaginal delivery, interval from the last delivery, situation of lactation, history of IUD insertion and the interval of cervix wash and pain assessment showed no significant effect of lidocaine gel on the insertion pain. The mean pain score in the lidocaine group was 0.39 less than in the control group but it was no significant (CI 95% of the difference: -1.3, 0.57).   Conclusion: Use of 2% lidocaine gel and also use of lubricant gel into the cervical canal, one minute before putting on cervical tenaculum, has no effect on reducing overall pain during IUD insertion.   Key words: Copper IUD, pain, IUD insertion, lidocaine     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences   Tel : (+98)(0411)4772699, fax: (+98)(0411)4796969   Email: seidisimin@yahoo.com   [1] Reproductive Health PhD, Assistant ProfessorFaculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (Faculty Research Assistant and Director of Midwifery )  [2] Master of Midwifery, Hospital Fatemie h Hamedan   [3] Master of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Science s  [4] Master of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences (assistant Midwifery Department) (Corresponding Author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-949-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-949-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Goldoust, F. and EbadifardAzar, F. and Solhi, M. and Ghorchiany, F.}, title = {PLANNING AND EVALUATION OF STRESS MANAGEMENTEDUCATIONAL PROGRAM TO IMPROVE BEHAVIOR IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS PATIENTS BASED ON BASNEF MODEL}, abstract ={  Planning and Evaluation of Stress ManagementEducational Program to Improve Behavior in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Based on Basnef Model     Goldoust F [1] , EbadifardAzar F [2] , Solhi M [3] , Ghorchiany F [4]     Received: 18 Feb, 2012 Accepted: 6 Jun, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Multiple sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common diseases of the central nervous system. MS is the result of damage to myelin. There is the exact relationship between stress and the onset or progression of MS so stress management is important in MS patients.   Materials & Methods : This study intended toinvestigatethe effect of stress management educational program based on Basnef model to improve behavior in MS patients. This was a quasi-experimental study that was performed on 100 MS patients between the ages of 15-50 years from Sina and Shariati hospitals, Tehran. Participants in the study randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups.The instruments for data collecting were a questionnaire which was developed by the researcher and established based on the Basnef model. The both groupscompleted the questionnaires before and one month after intervention, while only the patients in the experimental group participated in 3 educational intervention sessions. Eventually, the data were analyzed by using independent-t, chi-square and mann-whitney statistical tests.   Result : Our findings indicated that both groups didn’t have any significant difference based on Basnef model variables (attitudes, subjective norm, enabling factors, and intention) before intervention. But the mean scores of Basnef model variables were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the controls after intervention. Also behavioral methods of stress managementimproved significantly among the experimental group, compared to control group.   Conclusion: Since stress management is highly recommended for MS patients, applying the Basnef model is very effective for developing an educational program for MS patients in order to control their stress.   Key words: Multiple sclerosis, stress management, Basnef model     Address: Faculty of Health, Tehran university of Medical science, Tel: (+98) 9126861040   Email: Goldoost_f@yahoo.com   [1] MS in Health Education, Faculty of Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)  [2] Professor , Ph.D. inHealth careManagement , Department ofTehranUniversityof Medical Sciences   [3] Assistant Professor , Ph.D. inof Health Education , Faculty ofof Health   [4] MS inHealth careManagement , TehranUniversity ofMedicalSciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-948-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-948-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Aliakbari, F. and Delaram, M. and Heidari, M.}, title = {EFFECT OF NURSE-LED GROUP EDUCATIONAL SESSIONS ON THE QUALITY OF LIFEAMONG PATIENTS WITH IMPLANTED PACEMAKERS}, abstract ={  Effect of nurse-led group educational sessions on the quality of lifeamong patients with implanted pacemakers     Aliakbari F [1] *, Delaram M [2]     Received: 18 Apr, 2012 Accepted: 30May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Cardiac arrhythmia is one of the most common cardio-vascular diseases and pacemaker is a curative method which reduces most of problems in patients with arrhythmia. In spite of benefits of pacemaker, it may lead to some complications such as physical and psychological problems that can affect patients’ quality of life. Thusfollow up is necessary for pacemaker users after discharge. The aim of this study was to detect effects of nurse-led group educational sessions on the different dimensions of quality of lifeamong patients with implanted pacemakers.   Materials & Methods : In this clinical trial study sixty patients with pacemaker implantation divided into two groups. Case group patients participated in the group educational sessions while participants in the control group receivedtheir routine care (educational material) for four weeks. We used Assessment of Quality of Life (AQOL) and Short Form Questionnaire (SF36) for assessing the quality of life and semi structure interview was used for data collection. Data were analyzed using Statistical Program for the Social Science (SPSS 13.0) for windows. Independent and Paired-T test also Fisher test analyses were used in this study. Alpha was set at p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-947-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-947-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Sohrabi, M. and Ivanbagha, R. and Shirinkam, R.}, title = {THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PHYSICAL THERAPY TECHNIQUES IN THE SECOND STAGE OF LABOR ON PERINEAL TRAUMA IN NULLIPAROUS WOMEN REFERRING TO THE TEACHING HOSPITALOF EMAM KHOMEINI – KHALKHAL}, abstract ={  The effectiveness of physical therapy techniques in the second stage of labor on perineal trauma in nulliparous women referring to the teaching hospitalof Emam khomeini – Khalkhal     Sohrabi M [1] , Ivan bagha R [2] *, Shirinkam R [3]     Received: 18Feb, 2012 Accepted: 6May 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Perineal trauma is common outcome of vaginal birth, and can cause short term and long term problems for new mothers. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of physical therapy techniques during child birth on severity and degree ofperineal ruptures and also its effect on the amount of stitches required for perineal repair following perineal trauma in nulliparous women.   Materials & Methods : This randomized clinical trial study (RCT) carried out on 120 nulliparous women that expecting normal birth of singletonfetuses they were randomly selected and divided into three groups two physical therapy techniques (warm compresses and massage perineal) and one control groups ( 40 women for each group). All processes have done during the second stage of labor. Midwife held a clean, wash and warm cloths to the mother’s perineum and her external genitalia for the warm compress group, during and between pushes. Woman in the massage group received massage and stretching of the perineum with each contraction. In the control group, women received Ritgen's maneuver, routine and standard care for the second stage of labor. The data have been analyzed with descriptive statistical methods, Anova, chi-square test and non parametric test, Kruskal -Wallis, using SPSS 15/0 (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-946-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-946-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Zarei, H. A. and MierHashme, M.}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TYPES OF THINKING STYLES AND ACADEMIC ADJUSTMENT AMONG NURSING STUDENTS}, abstract ={  The relationship between types of thinking styles and academic adjustment among nursing students     Zarei HA [1] *, MierHashme M [2]     Received: 18 Feb, 2012 Accepted: 30 May, 2012     Abstract:   Background & Aims : Adjustment and its different aspects is considered as a basic and extensive discussions in psychology, therefore identifying of related factors –apart from increasing domains of related knowledge – can cause a reduction in the individual and inter individual problems . The aim of present research was to investigate the relationship between types of thinking style and academic adjustment.   Materials & Methods : This research was a descriptive and co relational study. The sample study was included 65 nursing students who were studied in Islamic Azad University, khoy city. The study was conducted using the cluster sampling method within each cluster units were then chosen bysimple random sampling. To gather the data, two standard questionnaires on thinking styles of Strenberg and Zang and academic adjustment of Baker and Siryak were used. Gathered data were analyzed by statistical methods of correlation test of person and multiple regressions.   Result : The results showed that thinking style of judiciary, executive, hierarchy, liberalism, external and the style of the type I had positive significant relationship and thinking style of anarchism had negative significant relationship with academic adjustment.In addition %20.4 of variance academic adjustment based on thinking style was explicable. It was also evident that, there were average high score of academic adjustment among nursing students in this study.   Conclusion: Based on our research academic adjustment has relationship with the kind of thinking .Therefore it seems necessary to notice on the typeI thinking style for improvement and promotion of the academic adjustment among nursing students.   Key words: Thinking Academic adjustment Nursing students.     Address : Khoy, Km 5 Khoy road, Salmas Islamic Asad university, Department of Educational Sciences, Tel: (+98) (0461)2550002, 9141635210   Email: Ali zarei @iaukhoy.ac.ir   [1] Ph .D student in educational psychology in Islamic Azad university Rodhen Branch(correspond Author)  [2] Assistant Professor of General Psychology, Islamic Azad University RoodehenBranch}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-945-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-945-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rafiee, F. and SajadiHezaveh, M.}, title = {CONCEPT ANALYSIS OF TRANSITION FROM NURSING STUDENT TO CLINICAL NURSE: RODGERS’ EVOLUTIONARY CONCEPT ANALYSIS}, abstract ={  Concept Analysis of Transition from Nursing Student to Clinical Nurse: Rodgers' Evolutionary Concept Analysis     RafieeF [1] , SajadiHezaveh M [2] *     Received: 21 Feb, 2012 Accepted: 27Apr, 2012     Abstract   Background ;Aims : The transition from nursing student to clinical nursing is a major challenge.The aim of this study was to clarify concept of transition in new graduate nursing, understand and identify its attributes, antecedents and consequences in nursing context.   Materials ;Methods: Rodgers' evolutionary concept analysis method was used to facilitate clarification of transition concept in nursing. The search, performed on scientific databases using the keywords: ' transition', 'nursing student' and ' new graduate nurse' covering the period 1999 to 2010 represented concerning nursing. Search limited to english-language articles and the full text and all research and review articles were compiled. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 30 articles included for the final analysis. The process was audited by one independent expert to ensure neutrality and credibility of the study and to reduce the potentials for bias.   Result: This study showed that the concept of transition has five basic and global properties: process, disconnectedness, personal perception, awareness, and human responsepatterns. Thisconcepthasalsopositive ;negative consequences.Positive consequences of transition in novice nurses are from felt empowerment and more power to promote quality of patient care and increased cost -effectiveness. Negative consequences are anxiety, separation, incompetence to job dissatisfaction, decreased quality of patient care.   Conclusion: Transition is a multidimensional and complex concept. Transition is also a dynamic concept. This analysis identified characteristics of transition concept, but the dimensions of this concept still require to further analysis.   Key words: Transition, New Graduate Nurse, Rodgers Evolutionary Approach, Concept Analysis.     Address: Arak, Sardasht, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Science s   Tel : (+98)(0861)4173524   Email: sajadimahbobeh@yahoo.com   A survey of relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care performance in diabetic patients referring to Urmia Diabetes Center   [1] Associate Professor of Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Research Center for Nursing Car e  [2] Nursing Ph.D. student at Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding author)*}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-944-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-944-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Khezerloo, S. and Feizi, A.}, title = {A SURVEY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEIVED SELF-EFFICACY AND SELF-CARE PERFORMANCE IN DIABETIC PATIENTS REFERRING TO URMIA DIABETES CENTER}, abstract ={  A survey of relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care performance in diabetic patients referring to Urmia Diabetes Center     Khezerloo S [1] *, Feizi A [2]     Received: 13Apr, 2012 Accepted: 23May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Diabetes is a chronic and disabling disease. In diabetes, self-caring promotes the quality of life and reduces the number of hospitalization and with continuous of its pursuit, the acute and chronic side effects can be prevented. Self- efficacy is a basis to reinforce of self-caring in diabetes. The purpose of this study is assessment of relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care in diabetic patients.   Materials & Methods This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 100 diabetic patients who referred to EmamKhomeiny Hospital, Urmia. They were selected by easy sampling. Data collection tools were demographic information, self-efficacy assessment using Confidence in Diabetes Self- Care Scale (CIDS) and self-care scale evaluation using Glasgow and Toobert measures for diabetes. Data analysis was performed by SPSS.   Result : Results indicated that average score of self-efficacy among patients was 73.8± 18.3 and the average score of self-care was 83.9±16.2 .The most of the patients had an average score of self-efficacy and self-care. The spearman correlation coefficient showed a direct significant relationship between self-efficacy and self-care scores of patients.   Conclusion: Patients’ beliefs about self-efficacy to the implementation of self-care and performing self-care behaviors were in medium rate. Since self-efficacy is the most important element to determine of self-care behaviors, it is necessary to promote the self-efficacy for increasing the self-care behaviors and consequently, prevention of side effects of diabetes. Therefore educational program on self-efficacy for improving this skill among diabetic patients should be considered.   Key words: Self-efficacy, Self-care, Diabetes     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98)(0441)2754961   Email: Khezerloos13@yahoo.com   [1] Master ofNursing, Faculty ofof Nursing and MidwiferyUrmia(Corresponding Author)  [2] Assistant Professor, PhD in Nursing, Faculty of MedicineUrmi a}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-943-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-943-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hekmatafshar, M. and Bardigorchaei, A. and Amin, G. H. and Vakili, M. A. and Eshginia, S. and Sanagoo, A. and Jouybaril, L.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF A GINGER EXTRACT ON GASTRIC RESIDUAL VOLUME AMONG MECHANICALLY VENTILATED PATIENTS WHO HOSPITALIZED IN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT}, abstract ={  The effect of a ginger extract on gastric residual volume among mechanically ventilated patients who hospitalized in intensive care unit     Hekmatafshar M [1] , Bardigorchaei A [2] , Amin GH [3] , Vakili MA [4] , Eshginia S [5] , Sanagoo A [6] , Jouybaril [7] *     Received: 20Feb, 2012 Accepted: 9May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Delayed gastric emptying among mechanically ventilated patients is common. According to evidence ginger can be accelerated gastric emptying. This study conducted to determine the effect of a ginger extract on gastric residual volume of patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Unit (ICU).   Materials & Methods: This study was a double-blind randomized control clinical trial with before and after design. Twenty-four mechanically ventilated patients who hospitalized in ICU were enrolled into intervention and control groups (12 in each group). Patients were matched in items of gender and illness severity. After 48 hours gavage feeding with a standard solution among two groups intervention and control groups respectively received 120 mg (5ml) of ginger extract and 5 ml of water as a placebo for 4 days. Residual volumes of the fifth and sixth days were recorded. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and paired t test also significance level was determined as 0. 05.   Result: Mean gastric residual volume in first 48 hours between both groups was not significantly different. But mean and standard deviation of mean residual volume of fifth and sixth days in intervention and control groups were respectively (81/16 ± 58/24) and (09/15 ± 33/108) whichaccording the independent t test, showed significant difference (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-942-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-942-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HaghighiMoghadam, Y. and Valizadeh, M. A. and Feizi, A.}, title = {A SURVEY OF TISSUE OXYGENATION DIFFERENCES IN INTENSIVE CARE PATIENTS WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSION}, abstract ={  A Survey of tissue oxygenation differences in intensive care patients with blood transfusion     HaghighiMoghadamY [1] *, Valizadeh MA [2] , Feizi A [3]     Received: 26 Dec, 2011 Accepted: 7 Mar, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : greater than 75% patient that hospitalized in intensive care units has anemia. Blood transfusion in icu is not recently and about 40-70% patients in intensive cares receive transfusion .blood transfusion is not safety and many of patients that received transfusion have some serious side effects. Therefore to decrease such unwanted events there are some limits in blood transfusion. Because there is no decreased in o2 extraction until hemoglobin above 9 gr/dl. Therefore it seem the o2 extraction is the best categorized to blood transfusion need evaluation .in this study we want to determine the effect of blood transfusion on tissue o2 extraction in intensive care patients.   Materials & Methods : 30 non cardiac and active bleeding intensive care patients that has ordered blood transfusion by physician were selected . before and I hour after transfusion the veinuos and arterial samples obtained to determine Sao2, Svo2 and Hg. And then datas were analysed.   Result : the study showed that hemoglobin level and arterial o2 content (Cao2) has increased in all patients after transfusion. In 66/66% the o2 extraction decreased after transfusion and in 26/66% patient it elevated. There was no significant correlation between hemoglobin level and o2 extraction after transfusion.   Conclusion: although there was significant correlation between Hg and o2 extraction before blood transfusion it was losedafter transfusion that similar studies are needed. It seems that the o2 extraction was decreased after transfusion without related to Hg levels. In order to evalution intensive patients need to blood transfusion, Hg and o2 extraction levels must be insighted together by nurses and physicians.   Key words: o2 extraction, blood transfusion, intensive care patient.     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences,   Tel : (+98) ) 0441)2754961   Email: hagigym@yahoo.com   [1] Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences.(correspond Author)  [2] Flvshyb special car e, Faculty of Medicin Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [3] Assistant Professor, PhDof Nursing, Facultyof Nursingand Midwifery, Urmia University of medical sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-941-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-941-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hassani, M. and JodatKordlar, L.}, title = {THE STUDY OF RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERCEPTION OF ORGANIZATIONAL JUSTICE WITH TURNOVER INTENTION, JOB SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR OF MEDICAL STAFF OF URMIA IMAM REZA HOSPITAL}, abstract ={  The Study of Relationship between Perception of Organizational Justice with Turnover Intention, Job Satisfaction and Organizational Citizenship Behavior of Medical Staff of Urmia Imam Reza Hospital     Hassani M [1] *, JodatKordlar L [2]     Received: 5 Mar, 2012 Accepted: 20 May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Justice in an organization symbolizes equity and consideration of ethical behavior in an organization. Numerous studies have shown that increase of justice perception affects different aspects of organizational behavior. The purpose of this research is to study the relationship between perception of organizational justice with turnover intention, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior among the medical staff of Urmia Imam Reza hospital.   Materials & Methods : The methodology of the correlative-descriptive study was followed. The study population consisted of all medical staff of Urmia Imam Reza hospital including 462 persons among whom 209 persons were randomly selected as sample size, based on Cohen, Morgan and Krejcie's formula. In order to collect data on organizational justice, turnover intention, job satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior variables Nihoff and Mormman's (1993), Cammann's (1979), lucas (1990) and Podsakoff’s (2000) questionnaires were used, respectively. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test, analysis of variance test and step wise multiple regression method.   Result : This study indicated that there was a significant positive relationship between perception of justice with job satisfaction (p=0/000 & r=0/533) and organizational citizenship behavior (p=0/000 & r=0/248), also there was a significant negative relationship between perception of justice and turnover intention (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-940-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Habibzadeh, H. and Ghorbanzadeh, K. and Khalkhali, H. R. and Mohamadpor, Y.}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEENNURSES’ QUALITY OF WORK LIFE AND THEIR CLINICAL COMPETENCY}, abstract ={  The relationship betweennurses' quality of work life and their clinical competency     Habibzadeh H [1] *, Ghorbanzadek [2] , Khalkhali HR [3] , Mohamadpor Y [4]     Received: 3Feb, 2012 Accepted: 6May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : high quality of work life (QWL) is known as basic prerequisite for empowering human resources in health system. While nurses have a significant position in health organizations’ success their clinical competencies play an important role for their proficiency-which recently has been criticized-. Sounderstandingclinical competency determinants and its promotion is considerable for health care and medical educational systems at all times. As research studies’ involving this issue seems rare in our country, we aimed toseek for the relationship betweennurses' quality of work life andtheir clinical competency.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive –correlation study was conducted with a multi stage random sample of 136 nurses working in hospitals of Urmiauniversity of medical sciences. Data were collected through self- administered questionnaire including demographic characteristics, QWL based on Brooks and clinical competence scale Mertoja Rita. The information was analyzed by non parametric spearman correlation andchi -square test by using Statistical Program for the Social Science (SPSS 16.0) for windows.   Result : Our findings showed a weak correlation between QWL and level of nurses’clinical competency (r= 0/245, p=}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-939-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-939-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jebraeily, M. and Raheimi, B. and Zareh, Z. and Dolani, A.}, title = {ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN TEACHING HOSPITALS OF URMIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES}, abstract ={  Advantages and Disadvantages of Hospital Information Systems in Teaching Hospitals of Urmia University of Medical Sciences     Jebraeily M [1] *, Raheimi B [2] , Zareh Z [3] , Dolani A [4]     Received: 18Feb, 2012 Accepted: 22May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The critical requirement of healthcare services on information and also disabilities of paper chart to meet these serious needs has been caused to increase trend to use of the Hospital Information Systems (HIS). The goal of this research is to determine advantages and disadvantages of HIS.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2011.The study sample selected by multistage cluster sampling method andconsisted of 160 HIS users from teaching hospitals ofUrmia University of Medical Sciences. Data collected by using a self-structured questionnaire that reliability of which had been measured by specialists and validity evaluated by internal consistency method. Collected data analyzed by SPSS software descriptive statistics and analytical statistics (t-test and chi-square).   Result : Maximum mean of scale in advantage of HIS related to the promotion of healthcare quality (4/55 from 5) and better accessibility to accuracy information (4/42 from 5).Maximum mean of scale in disadvantage of HIS related to the new skills acquisition (3/82 from 5) and high costly (3/48 from 5).   Conclusion: The results of the present study demonstrate that, for building a successful hospital information system, users must be acquired sufficient training to increase their skills and knowledge in order to utilize of that system and an appropriately support should also be organized to maintain and promotion of system.   Key words: HIS implementation, Advantage, Disadvantage, End users, Urmia University of Medical Sciences     Address: Faculty of Paramedical Medical Sciences, Urmia, Tel: (+98) 9149400138   Email: jabraily@gmail.com   [1] Instructor, Facultyof Health InformationTechnologyDepartmentUrmiaUniversityof Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)  [2] Assistant Professor, Faculty of Health Information Technology DepartmentUrmia University of Medical Sciences  [3] Instructor, Faculty of Health Information Technology DepartmentUrmia University of Medical Sciences  [4] Master of Library and Information Site for Medical SciencesUrmia University Library}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-938-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-938-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Bahadori, F. and Ayatolahi, H. and Yekta, Z. and Fallahi, V. and Fallahi, S. H. and Mehdioghli, R.}, title = {AWARENESS OF WOMEN ABOUT EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION IN URMIA}, abstract ={  Awareness of women about emergency contraception in Urmia     Bahadori F [1] *, Ayatolahi H [2] , Yekta Z [3] , Fallahi V [4] , Fallahi S4, Mehdioghli R4     Received: 12 Mar, 2012 Accepted: 25 May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : the aim of this study was awareness of women which were refer to family planning and kowsar center in Urmia about emergency contraception.   Materials & Methods : this prospective and cross sectional study was carry out in family planning and Kowsar center of Urmia Medical Sciences University in West-Azarbayjan in 2008 via 2009. A questioners were filled by medical students and demographic characteristic such as age, education, marital duration, parity and history of unwanted pregnancy.Questions about type, effectiveness, previous using and source of their information about Emergency contraception were written.Awareness were divided to good (score ≥ 20), moderate (score 7-19) and poor (score ≤6). P - value was considered significant if ≤0.05.   Result: The study comprised of 600 women. mean age of them and marital age were 29.8 ±7.2 and 19.7 ±3.2, respectively. The mean parity was 2.2 ± 1.6.88.8 % had poor, 9.8% intermediate and 1.8% good awareness about EC. Awareness was positive related to academic education, history of unwanted pregnancy and didn't related to age, duration of married and parity.   Conclusion: Awareness of ECn in our study was very poor, So education of women is very important.   Key words: emergency contraception, family planning centers, awareness     Address: Urmia Street, Kashani Hospital, Motahari, Tel : (+98) (0441) 2237077   Email: fbahadory27@yahoo.com   [1] Prynatvlvzhy Fellowship, Assistant Professor of Obstetrics and GynecologyUrmia University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)  [2] Oncology Fellowship, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical University Urmi a  [3] Associate Professor, Department of EpidemiologyUrmia University of Medical Science s  [4] Urmia Medical Students Faculty of Medicin e}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-937-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-937-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Bagaei, R. and Nadari, Y. and Khalkhali, H. R.}, title = {EVALUATION OF PREDISPOSING FACTORS OF NURSING ERRORS IN CRITICAL CARE UNITS OF URMIA MEDICAL SCIENCE UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS}, abstract ={  Evaluation of Predisposing Factors of Nursing Errors in Critical Care Units of Urmia Medical Science University Hospitals     Bagaei R [1] *, Nadari Y [2] , Khalkhali HR [3]     Received: 1 Mar, 2012 Accepted: 6May, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : P atient safety is an important part of the nursing management. But with this huge amount of nursing errors, patient safety seems out of reach. In order to catch a practical strategy to reduce the nursing error this research evaluated the incidence and disclosure of nursing errors and their predisposing factors in critical care units.   Materials & Methods : A descriptive- analytical study was conducted in critical care units: ICU, CCU & hemodialysis from 3 educational hospitals in Urmia city. A sample oftwo hundred-two nurseswas selected by census method for this study. Data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics by using Statistical Program for the Social Science (SPSS 16. 0) for windows.   Result : The results indicated that the majority of nurses were female (86. 6% female). The average age was 32. 2±4 year, and the average work experience was 8. 4±4. 7 year, while the average experience in critical care units was 3. 7±2. 6 year. Our data showed that from nurse’s view point, different factors in domains of management, team working, environment and education were considered to be predisposing factors of nursing errors. Also, there were a statistically significant difference between nurse’s view point with different ages and experiences.   Conclusion: Regarding to the importance of different factors in domain of management, teamwork, environment and education we should have evidence base knowledge and practical strategy to decrease nursing error.   Key words: N ursing Errors, Predisposing Factors, Medical Error, Disclosure     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) (0441) 2754961   Email : rbaghaei2001@yahoo.com   [1] Assistant Professor, Medical Surgical Department, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran(Corresponding Author)  2 Nursing MSc Student, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   [3] PhD of Biostatistics, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {3}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-925-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-925-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HemmatiMaslakpak, M. and Parizad, N. and Khalkhali, H. R.}, title = {The Effect of Tele-Education By Telephone And Short Message Service On Glycaemic Control In Patient With Type 2 Diabetes}, abstract ={  The Effect of Tele-Education By Telephone And Short Message Service On Glycaemic Control In Patient With Type 2 Diabetes     Hemmati Maslakpak M [1] , Parizad N [2] , Khalkhali HR [3]     Received: 4 May , 2012 Accepted: 19 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Patient training has an important role in diabetes control. Tele-education is effective, due to the elimination of­­ both space and time limitation and establishing an effective relationship with client care. This study was carried out to determine the impact of tele-education by telephone and short message service on glycemic control in patient with type 2 diabetes.   Materials & Methods : this experimental study carried out on 66 members of Urmia Diabetes Association with type 2 diabetes. They were selected and allocated in two intervention and control groups randomly. Data gathered with demographic questionnaire and information form. Intervention group received education, followed by telephone and short message control, for 12 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical testes.   Result : findings of the study showed a decrease o f blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin in intervention group after intervention. There was a significant difference in blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin between intervention and control group (P= 0. 000).   Conclusion: telephone follow-up and tele - education by nurse has important effects on patients' metabolic control in diabetic patients.   Keywords: type 2 diabetes, tele-education, glycemic control.     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961   Email : Hemmati_m@umsu. ac.ir   [1] Assistant Professor ,PhD of nursing, Faculty Nursing and Midwifery, Uremia University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)*   [2] MSc student in Nursing Care, Faculty Nursing and Midwifery , Urmia University of Medical Sciences.   [3] Assistant Professor, PhD Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciencesz}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1019-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1019-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {NikbakhtNasrabadi, A. and Latifi, M. and Javaherzade, N.}, title = {Nursing Students’ Experiences of Clinical Learning in Emergency Ward: A Qualitative Study}, abstract ={  Nursing Students' Experiences of Clinical Learning in Emergency Ward: A Qualitative Study     Nikbakht Nasrabadi A [1] , Latifi M [2] *, Javaherzade N [3]     Received: 14 Feb , 2012 Accepted: 19 May , 2012   Abstract   Background and aims : training internship period has a fundamental role in forming basic skills and professional abilities of nursing students. Training in emergency unit is more important than other units. The goal of this study was to explore the nursing students' training experiences in emergency wards.   Methods : this is a qualitative-research study in which 12 nursing students involved in. students’ experiences which had been collected using in-depth face to face interviews and written narratives methods, were analyzed using conventional content analysis.   Results : since a huge number of primary themes were obtained by analyzing the narratives, they were summarized into five main themes including , an opportunity for gaining more clinical skills, confidence as a way of staff- students relationship, promoting practical self-efficacy along with continuous stress, training experience in a turbulent situation, and paradoxical experiences in educational reality.   Conclusion : although there are clear strengths in emergency unit training, there are some weaknesses as well, that can be eliminated by more clarification, employing proficient instructors and further educational supervision.   Keywords : students’ experiences, emergency unit, qualitative study, theme analysis.     Address : Saveh Palestine Square, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Saveh   Tel: (+98) 255-2440530, 9126624210   Email : mlatifi@razi.tums.ac.ir   [1] Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran   [2] MSc in Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak (corresponding author)   [3] BSc in Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1018-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1018-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Nabilu, B. and Mohebbi, I. and Alinezhad, H.}, title = {Productivity of Hospital Beds: Evaluation of Inpatient Bed Days in the West Azerbaijan Selected Hospitals}, abstract ={  Productivity of Hospital Beds: Evaluation of Inpatient Bed Days in the West Azerbaijan Selected Hospitals     Nabilu B [1] , Mohebbi I [2] , Alinezhad H [3]     Received: 19 Apr, 2012 Accepted: 20 Jun , 2012    Abstract  Background & aims: all over the world, healthcare systems are under intense pressure to improve their performance . The cost of healthcare is a critical issue for employers and patients, and they also constitute the nation’s central financial challenge. Hospitals as part of health system command the majority of any countries’ health care budget . Decreasing hospitalization time with an increased beds capacity, will lead to improved efficiency and productivity. The aim of this study was to measure inappropriateness of inpatient stays in the west azerbaijan selected hospitals.  Materials & methods: in this retrospective study , medical records of 435 hospitalized patients (1536 patient days) were carefully scrutinized based on appropriateness evaluation protocol in selected hospitals . Inclusion and exclusion criteria were determined . Data using descriptive and inferential statistics such as x2 test were analyzed .  Result: the study was carried on in medical-surgical and gynecological wards of different selected hospitals in the west azerbaijan, 435 medical records of hospitalized patients (1536 patient days). The study showed that 6% (92 days) of stay days was medically unnecessary a nd there was a significant relationship between unnecessary hospitalization days and type, affiliation and ownership of hospitals (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1017-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1017-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Feizi, A. and Khalkhali, H. R. and Dehghani, M. R. and Sheikhi, S. and Ghaderi, C. H.}, title = {Effects of cardiac rehabilitation and relaxation therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with cardiac syndrome x refer to Urmia medical science Hospitals}, abstract ={  Effects of cardiac rehabilitation and relaxation therapy on anxiety and depression in patients with cardiac syndrome x refer to Urmia medical science Hospitals     Feizi A [1] *, Khalkhali HR [2] , Dehghani MR [3] , Sheikhi S [4] , Ghaderi CH [5]     Received: 13Apr, 2012 Accepted: 23May, 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : Due to the uncertain etiology and adverse consequent of cardiac syndrome X, patients with this syndrome have high levels of anxiety and depression. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of cardiac rehabilitation (CR) and relaxation therapy (RT) on anxiety and depression in patients with cardiac syndrome x.   Materials & Methods: This research is a Randomized Clinical Trial study. 40 patients were chosen according to none randomized method, and then randomly divided into four groups as control, RT, CR, CR+RT groups. Data were collected through the demographic information questionnaire and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Group CR performed phase III CR exercise, group RT performed progressive muscle relaxation and group CR+RT performed combination of exercise and relaxation for eight weeks. Data were analyzed with Chi-square, Kruskall-wallis and Rank Sum Difference tests.   Result : Results showed that there was a significant difference in anxiety and depression between the four groups after intervention (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1015-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1015-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Farhadi, A.}, title = {The Effect of Topical Tetracaine Gel%4 on Pain Reduction of DPT Vaccine in 18 Months Infants}, abstract ={  The Effect of Topical Tetracaine Gel%4 on Pain Reduction of DPT Vaccine in 18 Months Infants     Farhadi A [1] *     Received: 31 Jan , 2012 Accepted: 11 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : pain is a multidimensional phenomenon that is defined as "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage”. Infants and children are vaccinated before two years on several occasions. DPT injection begins from 2 months- old and continued to 4-6-years-old for 4 times in Iran. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pain reducing effect of topical Tetracaine in inter muscular DPT injection compared to placebo.   Materials & Methods : in this study 40 infants by the age of 18 months were divided in two groups using random allocation, and two injections were performed for each group, using Tetracaine gel 4% and a placebo injection. The severity of injection was recorded using the FLACC pain scale by a pediatric registered nurse.   Result : Results showed that Tetracaine could not significantly decreased the pain severity of DPT vaccine IM injection in case group as compared with placebo group (p>0. 05).   Conclusion: although findings of this study indicated that topical Tetracaine could not play an important role in decreasing of pain during DPT vaccine IM injection but it did lead to faster recovery time. The average pain intensity in the case group was less than placebo group (8. 5 vs. 9. 2). The time to pain relief and return to baseline in case group was much lower than the placebo group. However, more studies are needed to determine the effect of pain reduction strategies.   Keywords: pain, infants. Tetracain gel, DPT vaccine.     Address : Arvand International Division, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran   Tel: (+98) 9155865753   Email : farhadie_1967@yahoo. com   [1] PH.D Student of Nursing, Arvand International Division , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Iran. (Corresponding author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1014-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1014-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Oshvandi, K. H. and Kavyannejad, R. and Borzuo, R. and Gholyaf, M. and Salavati, M.}, title = {DIALYSIS ADEQUACY WITH HIGH FLUX MEMBRANE IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS AT SHAHID BEHESHTI HOSPITAL, HAMEDAN}, abstract ={  Dialysis Adequacy with High Flux Membrane in Hemodialysis Patients at Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Hamedan     Oshvandi Kh [1] , Kavyannejad R [2] , Borzuo SR [3] *, Gholyaf M [4] , Salavati M [5]     Received: 4 Feb , 2012 Accepted: 14 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Hemodialysis is the most common treatment for end stage renal disease (ESRD). Inadequate dialysis is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality of this group, so it is necessary to determine the adequacy of dialysis. This study was performed to determine the adequacy of dialysis with High Flux membrane in hemodialysis at Shahid Beheshti hospital in Hamedan.   Materials & Methods : in this cross sectional descriptive study, 40 hemodialysis patients in Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Hamadan city participated . In second dialysis session with High Flux membrane (FR60) before and 30 seconds after decreasing blood flow rate to 80mg/min at the end of dialysis, blood samples were taken in order to assess BUN. KT/V and URR indexes used to determine hemodialysis adequacy. Data analyzed by SPSS 16 software.   Result : in the present study 67.5% of participants were male and 32.5% were female . The mean of their age were 47.56 ± 10.79 years. The mean of kt/v was 1.27± 0.28 with the minimum of 0.71 and the maximum of 2.12. The mean of URR was 0.65±0.09 with the minimum of 0.45 and the maximum of 0.92.   Conclusion: According to the results of our study, we suggest the use of High Flux membrane dialysis and increase of blood flow rate doing hemodialysis to increase dialysis efficiency and to achieve international standards.   Keywords: hemodialysis, dialysis adequacy, end stage renal disease , high flux membrane     Address: Hamedan, opposite the mardom park Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Research Center for Maternal and Child Care   Tel: (+98)8118380535   Email : borzou@umsha.ac.ir   1 Assistant professor in nursing, Research Center of Maternal and Child Care Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan   2 MSc in critical care nursing , Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan   3 PhD Student of Nursing, Research Center of Maternal and Child Care Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan (corresponding author)   4 Nephrologist , Professor of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine , Hamadan University of Medical Science , Hamedan   5 MSc in Nursing, Research Center of Maternal and Child Care Hamedan University of Medical Sciences, Hamedan}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1013-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1013-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Abbasi, A. and Ashrafrezaee, N. and Asayesh, H. and Shariati, A. and Rahmani, H. and Mollaei, E. and Bathaei, A. and ShooriBidgoli, A.}, title = {THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARING BURDEN AND COPING STRATEGIES IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS CAREGIVERS}, abstract ={  The Relationship between Caring Burden and Coping Strategies in Hemodialysis Patients Caregivers     Abbasi A [1] , Ashrafrezaee N [2] , Asayesh H [3] *, Shariati A [4] , Rahmani H [5] , Mollaei E [6] , Bathaei SA [7] , Shoori Bidgoli A [8]     Received: 8 Mar, 2012 Accepted: 21 Jun , 2012    Abstract   Bachground & Aims: Patients with end stage renal disease require long term treatment and care, therefore their caregivers encounter treatment related problems and caring difficulties along with responsibility adaptation. The aim of this survey was to examine the relationship between caring burden and coping strategies in hemodialysis patients caregivers.   Material & Methods : in this descriptive and analytical study, 120 caregivers of hemodialysis patients who referred to fifth Azar educative and therapeutic center in Gorgan, were selected through Census sampling method. Data were gathered via caregiver burden and coping strategies questionnaire. Data analysis was performed by SPSS software by means of Pearson correlation coefficient, liner regression and independent t-test.   Results: mean and standard deviation of caregivers' age was 42.22±13.09 and men formed 59% of subjects. Regression analysis showed that one score increase in problem based coping strategies decreases total caregiver burden as 0.295 (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1012-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1012-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {SharifiTabar, Z. and Shaeri, M. and Nazari, R. and AdibHajbagari, M. and MasoudiAlvi, N.}, title = {Comparing ThE PreventivE Effect Of Adhesive Tape And Eye Ointment On Eye Dryness AnD Corneal Abrasion In ICU Patients}, abstract ={  Comparing ThE PreventivE Effect Of Adhesive Tape And Eye Ointment On Eye Dryness AnD Corneal Abrasion In ICU Patients     Sharifi Tabar Z [1] , Shaeri M [2] , Nazari R [3] , Adib Hajbagari M [4] , Masoudi Alvi N [5]     Received: 29 Feb , 2012 Accepted: 04 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : eye complications are common in Intensive care units’ patients. Different methods are recommended to prevent these complications. In this research the preventive effects of eye lubricant ointment and adhesive tape on eye-dryness and corneal abrasion were compared. The study carried on 87 ICU patients at Shariati hospital in Tehran and Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Kashan.   Materials & Methods : the patients randomly recruited in 3 groups of adhesive tape, eye lubricant ointment and control group. The eye care implemented, afterward the eye dryness and corneal abrasion were examined on the first and fifth days. The data analyzed using SPSS software and qhi-square, kruskal wallis and wilcoxon statistical tests.   Result : although the difference in eye-dryness and corneal abrasion was not statistically significant, the incidence of corneal abrasion was twice in adhesive tape group. On the fifth day, 38 patients (43. 7%) had eye dryness and 12 patients (13. 8%) had corneal abrasion. The odds-ratio of eye-dryness on occurrence of corneal abrasion was 19. 5.   Conclusion: the eye lubricant ointment is a preferred method on prevention of eye dryness and corneal abrasion in ICU patients.   Keywords: eye-dryness, corneal abrasion, intensive care units (ICU).     Address: Kashan, Ghotb Ravandi Boulevard, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Surgical   Tel: (+98) 9133723872,361-5550021,fax: 361-5556633   Email: alavi. negin@yahoo. com , Masudialavi_N@kaums. ac. iir   [1] MSc in critical care nursing , Department of Medical Surgical Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Student   Research Committee, Kashan University of medical sciences, Kashan.   [2] Assistant Professor, Ophthalmologist, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan.   [3] Ophthalmologist, Corneal specialist, Khatam-ol-Anbia Hospital, Tehran.   [4] Associate Professor, PhD in Nursing, Department of Medical Surgical, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan.   [5] Associate Professor, PhD in Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery , Injury Center for Nursing Researc,Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, (corresponding author)*}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1011-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1011-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Jenaabadi, H.}, title = {The Effect of Marital Counseling on Marital Satisfaction of Parents of Mental Retarded Children}, abstract ={  The Effect of Marital Counseling on Marital Satisfaction of Parents of Mental Retarded Children     Jenaabadi H [1] *     Received: 15 Mar , 2012 Accepted: 14 Jun , 2012    Abstract   Background & Aims: Parents of mental retarded children have many problems in maintenance, training and education of their children. These problems have negative impact on parent’s mental health and marital satisfaction. Considering the fact that these families need help to overcome their problems, this study was conducted to investigate the impact of marital counseling on marital satisfaction of parents with mental retarded children.  Materials & Methods: the present research is an experimental study (pre-test and post test) with a control group, 30 couples with mental retarded children in two experimental and control groups were studied in two stages (before and 45 days after marital counseling program) using ENRICH marital satisfaction questionnaire. SPSS software and T-test statistical test were employed to data analysis.  Result: based on marital satisfaction scale and its four dimensions (idealistic distortion, marital satisfaction, communication and conflict resolution), trained parents had a more favorable situation, compared with untrained parents.  Conclusion: consequently, it is necessary to design and implement special training courses for parents with mental retarded children, in order to cope with psychological and marital conflict by the relevant organizations.  Keywords: marital satisfaction, marital counseling, parents of mental retarded children.     Address: Faculty of Psychology and Education of Sistan & Baluchestan University, Zahedan, Iran   Tel: (+98) 9153499137   Email : hjenaabadi@yahoo.com   [1] Assistant Professor, Faculty of Psychology and Education of Sistan & Baluchestan University (Corresponding author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1010-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1010-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Bayati, A. and Ghanbari, F. and Rahzani, K.}, title = {THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATION CUT OF HEALTH COMMUNICATORS FROM HEALTH COMMUNICATION HEAD QUARTERS}, abstract ={  The Process of Communication Cut of Health Communicators from Health Communication Head Quarters     Bayati A [1] *, Ghanbari F [2] , Rahzani K [3]     Received: 20 Apr, 2012 Accepted: 19 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : H ealth communicators are in fact the link between people and health workers. They are volunteers to participate in social health programs. By given the importance of their presence and increase process of communication cut of health communicators, this research was done to explore health coaches and communicators' point of view regarding the process of communication cut of health communicators.   Materials & Methods : This is a qualitative study of content analysis type. Focus group discussions and depth individual interviews (semi- structural interview) were the used tools to data collection. Three groups took parts in this study, including: 1 working health communicators 2 cut health communicators 3 health coaches, discussion saturation was the final point of sessions. In general, 14 FGD sessions and 5 IID sessions took place to accumulate participants' point of view. Content analysis method was used to records analysis.   Result : In conclusion 328 primary codes were obtained, considering overlap and combination of codes, 81 codes came out, as a result 3 concepts (theme) were confronted. The measurement of position was the one, which was put in consideration in this study. The concept consisted of three main categories: reactions, personal beliefs, and familial-personal position. The main category of reactions was divided into two sub-groups, medical-health team and family-community with two sub classes for each of them, the holder and the supportive. The main category of personal beliefs included two sub-groups, psychiatry and religious beliefs with one supportive sub class for each of them. Finally the main category of familial –personal position divided into two sub-groups, familial factors and personal factors with holder and supportive sub classes.   Conclusion: The main reasons for communication cut were summarized as, migration, marriage, childbirth, employment, education, disease, distant from health centers, inappropriate behavior of employees and public, and the lack of official attention to their problems. It can be concluded that, the expectations of communicators should be stated as they are selected, in order to their stability at work. There is a need for meetings, hold between officials and communicators to present their problems and uncover their solution, holding ceremonies and providing appropriate programs to absorb financial resources, acknowledgment is the most efficient way in maintaining presence and maximizing health communicator program efficacy.   Key words: coaches, health communicators, communication cut, centers responsible for communicators program     Address : Arak, Sardasht, Paramedical Faculty, PO Box: 6914-384817   Tel: (+98)9183675574   Email : a.bayati@arakmu.ac.ir   [1] MSc in Nursing, Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak,(corresponding author)   [2] MSc in Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,Arak   [3] Assistant Professor, PhD in Nursing, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran,Arak}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1009-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1009-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {AhangarzadehRezaee, S. and Izadi, A.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF ANGER MANAGEMENT TRAINING ON NURSING STUDENTS’ MENTAL HEALTH IN FACULTY OF NURSING AND MIDWIFERY, URMIA}, abstract ={  The Effect of Anger Management Training on Nursing Students' Mental Health In Faculty Of Nursing And Midwifery, Urmia     Ahangarzadeh Rezaee S [1] * , Izadi A [2]     Received: 6 Nov, 2011 Accepted: 19 Feb, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Anger is considered to be a major concern for society. In many cases it leads to some behaviors that damage the economy of many countries. Researches confirm that many health problems and mental disorders have emotional and social roots, to overcome these problems, the life skills of people should be promoted. This study was aimed to investigate the impact of anger management skills training on students' mental health in Urmia nursing and midwifery faculty.   Materials & Methods : In this quasi experimental study 70 nursing students were participated. Data were collected applying general mental health questionnaire (GHQ), the obtained data were analyzed by SPSS17 software.   Result : Female students occupied 60% of participant and the other 40% was occupied by males. 28. 2% of participants were selected from families with low income and 68. 5% of them came from families with moderate income and 3. 3% were from high income families with the mean age of 20. the obtained scores before and after training were compared, it indicated a significance difference between two groups, in other words there is a meaningful and positive relationship between anger management training and students' mental health (p=0. 01).   Key words: Nursing students, Anger Management, Mental health.     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961,09143405765   Email : srezai@umsu.ac.ir   [1] NursingPh.D. Student , instructor , Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences(corresponding author)   [2] `Assistant Professor of psychology, Emam HoseinUniversity of Tehran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1008-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1008-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Agakhani, N. and Sadagyani, M. and Jasemi, M. and Feizi, A. and Eghtedar, S. and Mesgarzadeh, M. and Ebrahimi, M.}, title = {THE HEALTH EFFECTS OF FISH OIL CAPSULES AND VITAMIN B1 TABLETS ON DURATION AND SEVERITY OF DYSMENORRHEA}, abstract ={  The Health Effects of Fish Oil Capsules and Vitamin B1 Tablets on Duration and Severity Of Dysmenorrhea     Agakhani N [1] ,Sadagyani M [2] , Jasemi M [3] , Feizi A [4] , Eghtedar S [5] ,Mesgarzadeh M [6] ,Ebrahimi M [7]     Received: 5 Jan, 2012 Accepted: 19 Jun, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Dysmenorrhea is the most common complaint of young girls and one of the main reasons behind disarrangement in their daily schedule. The main purpose of this study was to explore the health effects and side effects of fish oil & vitamin B1 on symptoms of dysmenorrhea.   Materials & Methods : In the present study a double-blind clinical trial design was conducted. Data were collected from 240 high school students in Urmia city by using randomized method, the participants were divided into four groups, three experimental groups and one control group, each group containing 60 students. The first group received vitamin B1 tablets (100 mg), the second group took fish oil capsules (500 mg) and a mix of both fish oil and vitamin B1 was used for third group and fourth group received placebo. The severity of pain was measured using VAS and the duration of pain was obtained applying Cox in three separate times prior to the study, one month and two months after taking supplements. The data were analyzed by SPSS software.   Result : The reduction of pain intensity in experimental groups showed a significant difference between three experimental groups and control group (p=0.000). All three experimental groups reported a reduction of pain duration in the comparison of control group (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1007-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1007-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {AdibHajbagari, M. and Ansari, A.}, title = {NURSES OPINIONS AND PRACTICE IN MOUTH CARE FOR ICU PATIENTS UNDER MECHANICAL VENTILATION}, abstract ={  Nurses Opinions and Practice in Mouth Care For ICU Patients under Mechanical Ventilation     Adib Hajbagari M [1] *, Ansari A [2]     Received: 3 Apr, 2012 Accepted: 25 Jun , 2012     Abstract:   Background and Aim: despite evidences on association between ventilator associated pneumonia and inadequate mouth care of mechanically ventilated patients, no studies are available on the performance of Iranian nurses in this area. This study was designed to compare the perceptions of nurses about ICU mechanically ventilated patients' mouth care and their actual practices.   Material and Methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 ICU nurses in different hospitals in Kashan, Isfahan and Najaf-Abad. A questionnaire including demographic information, frequency of oral assessment and oral care, use of checklist, priority of oral care, routine materials and equipments for oral care, and barriers to oral care in ICU was used. Nursing reports of 45 patients, concerning care records were evaluated. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.   Results: oral Care obtained the seventh rank and a mean score of 5.7 on a scale of 10. Only 29% of participants had been trained in this field. The oral cares were ignored by 20% of participants in their usual duties. Suctioning was the most common method used in 83.3% of cases. High load of writing tasks and personnel shortages were the major barriers to oral care. Only 20% of the charts included a report on oral care of mechanically ventilated patients.   Conclusion: the nursing personnel gave a low priority to the oral care of mechanically ventilated patients. Results showed the lack of nursing knowledge in this area therefore re-training programs in the field of oral care are recommended and the supervision should be strengthened.   Keywords: mouth care, nurse, opinions, practice, mechanical ventilation     Address :kashan, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, kashsn University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Surgical Nursing   Tel: (+98) 9133630272   Email : adib1344@yahoo.com   [1] Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, (corresponding author)   [2] MSc , Fatemeh Zahra Hospital, Najafabad, Isfahan University of Medical Science}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1006-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1006-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {EbrahimiFakhar, H. R. and Salemi, Z.}, title = {MALNUTRITION OF PATIENTS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS OF ARAK HOSPITALS, IN 1389}, abstract ={  Malnutrition of Patients in Intensive Care Units of Arak Hospitals, In 1389     Ebrahimi Fakhar H [1] , Salemi Z [2]     Received: 12 Mar, 2012 Accepted: 25 Jun , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims: This study was performed to determine the nutrition condition of intensive care units patients in Arak hospitals in 1388.  Materials & Methods: In this sectional study 115 eligible patients (71male, 44 female) contributed, who had been hospitalized during 8 months in 1388 in intensive care units. Serum prealbumin was used as measurement scale of survey to determine the nutrition condition of patients as they were hospitalized and 10 days after discharge.  Result: The prevalence of malnutrition was 43.5% at patient acceptance time and 54.1% after 10 days. In spite of 10.6% increase of malnutrition within ICU patients, statistically there was no significant difference (p=0.203). The incidence of malnutrition in aged patients after 10 days was more than young patients (0.001).  Conclusion: According to the high prevalence of malnutrition at patient acceptance point and its effects, it is required to examine the malnutrition condition of patents at acceptance time, and appropriate nutrition programs should be applied to protect vulnerable patients. The increase of malnutrition, particularly old patients, can be an evidence for inappropriate nutrition during hospitalization. It requires elevated awareness of treatment team about malnutrition in hospitalized patients.  Key words: Malnutrition, Intensive Care Unit, Prealbumin     Address: Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak.   Tel: (+98)8614173503   Email : ebrahimifakhar@yahoo.com   [1] Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak.   [2] PhD in Bio Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {4}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1005-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1005-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {KHademi, M. and Mohammadi, E. and Vanaki, Z.}, title = {THE ORIGINS OF THE EDUCATION OF HUMANISTIC NURSING APPROACHES IN NURSES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY}, abstract ={The origins of the education of humanistic nursing approaches in nurses: A qualitative study                         KHademi M[1], Mohammadi E[2]*,Vanaki Z[3] Received: 23 May, 2012 Accepted: 26 Aug, 2012AbstractBackground & Aims: Humanistic approaches in nursing care are very important. But there is a little knowledge about how these approaches grow in nurses. The aim of this study is understanding and identifying of effective factors.Materials & Methods:  This is a qualitative study. The participants were 14 nurses working in two hospitals in Tehran. The data were collected through 26 unstructured interviews and analyzed using conventional content analysis. The rigor has been guaranteed with prolonged engagement, maximum variance sampling, member check and audit trail.Result: The main theme was learning in confrontation with planning our on planning situation in personal and professional life. These situations provide rich experiences for learning of humanistic behavior. Participants’ experiences are “confrontation with committed role models”, “work and care as learning chance” and “confrontation with unpleasant life experiences”.Conclusion:  Education of humanistic approaches begins with childhood in the family. This is influenced by culture of family, education by family, faculty and nursing management. Paying attention to all three elements are necessary to reinforce these approaches.  Key words: Humanistic nursing, humanism, nursing education, content analysis Address: Crossing Jalal Al Ahmad and Chamran University, Faculty of MedicineTel: (+98) :09126472491Email: mohamade@modares.ac.ir[1] Nursing Ph.D. Studen, Tarbiat Modares University[2]Associate Tarbiat Modares University (corresponding author)  * [3] Associate Tarbiat Modares University}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1102-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Shams, S. H. and Bagherieh, F. and Feizi, A. and Baghaei, R. and Hashemlo, L.}, title = {FREQUENCY OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND ITS REPORTING ACCORDING TO SELF- REPORT BY NURSES IN HOSPITALS OF KHOY CITY}, abstract ={FREQUENCY OF MEDICATION ERRORS AND ITS REPORTING ACCORDING TO SELF- REPORT BY NURSES IN HOSPITALS OF KHOY CITY Shams Sh[1], Bagherieh F[2], Feizi A[3], Baghaei R[4], Hashemlo L[5] Received: 4 May , 2012 Accepted: 19 Jun , 2012  Abstract:Background & Aims: Medication errors are one of the important challenges of health care systems worldwide. It is also one of the threatening factors of patient safety. For this reason, medication error rate is used as one of the patient safety indicators. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of medication error and its reporting, according to self- report by nurses in hospitals of Khoy in 2011.Materials & Methods: This study was a descriptive research. The study population included all nursing staffs of Khoy hospitals (n= 350). A questionnaire was used to gather the data about the perspectives of nurses on the frequency of medication errors and its reporting. Descriptive and analytical statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 16 software.Result:The frequency of medication errors and its reporting were 28.9% and 14.4%, respectively. The most common types of medication error that reported were concomitant administration of oral drugs with potential interaction (57.7%), wrong rate error (46.34%), and giving pain medications without a physician's prescription (44.39%). There were a statistically significant relationship between medication error rate and age group (p= 0.035). Medication errors occurred most frequently among nurses with 20-30-years age. There were also a significant relationship among medication errors and working hours (p=0.023) and participation in retraining courses (p= 0.033). There was a significant relationship between medication errors and its reporting rate (p= 0.000).Conclusion:According to our findings, reduction in medication errors can be achieved by reducing the nurses’ work hours and holding retraining courses. In this study, a low report of medication errors has been revealed. Establishing an efficient recording and reporting system of medication errors along with minimization of barriers to reporting them may reduce the risk of medication errors.Keywords:patient safety, medication error, self- report, nurse Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, IranTel:(+98) 441 2754961Email: shamsadin1@yahoo.com [1]Lecturer, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences(Corresponding Author)*[2]Nursing Student Urmia University of Medical Sciences[3]Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences[4]Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences[5]Nursing Student Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1101-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1101-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HemmatiMaslakpak, M.}, title = {QUALITY OF LIFE IN ADOLESCENT GIRLS WITH DIABETES}, abstract ={Quality of life in adolescent girls with diabetes Hemmati Maslakpak M[1]* Received: 22 Jun, 2012 Accepted: 20 Sep, 2012AbstractBackground & Aims: Quality of life is now recognized as an important outcome for adolescents with diabetes. Diabetes may affect men and women equally, but the suffering associated with the disease when it appears in adolescent girls will have disastrous effects on their life. This study aimed to evaluate the health-related quality of life of adolescent girls with diabetes. Materials & Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out on 145 type 1 diabetic adolescent girls' referral to the Urmia and Iran Diabetes Association. Data were gathered using quality of life valid and reliable questionnaire for Iranian adolescent girls with diabetes. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical testes and independent T test. Result: The total mean score of the quality of life of adolescent girls with diabetes was 67.70. The lowest mean score in the adolescent girls' quality of life was related to psycho-emotional subscale (61.12) and highest mean score was related to spiritual subscale (76.72). Results of the study showed significant difference between total mean score of the quality of life with duration of suffering from diabetes and HbA1c (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1100-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1100-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hemate, Z. and Ghazafi, Z. and Alidosti, M. and Delaram, M.}, title = {THE EFFECTS OF HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAMS ON KNOWLEDGE AND PERFORMANCE PEER OF THE STUDENTS WITH ASTHMA AFTER 6 MONTHS OF STUDY IN ESFAHAN HIGH SCHOOLS 2010}, abstract ={The effects of health promotion programs on knowledge and performance peer of the students with asthma after 6 months of study in Esfahan high schools 2010 Hemate Z[1], Alidosti M[2], Delaram M[3]*, Ghazafi Z[4] Received: 18 Jun, 2012 Accepted: 31 Aug , 2012AbstractBackground & Aims: Asthma is the most common chronic disease of childhood, since adolescence is one of the most important periods, in development and asthma could interrupt the process. The present study is aimed to examine the effect of school students' health promotion on the knowledge and practice on fellow students with asthma, "took place.Materials & Methods: This quasi-experimental study of student peer education, forty individuals with asthma using a questionnaire and checklist before and after training compared.As well as the control group were forty students didn’t receive the educational intervention and knowledge and, practice of them were assessed and compared with the intervention group, And statistical data using independent t test, paired t, Mann Whitney analysis used.   Result: The knowledge of peers of asthmatic student in intervention group was1.3±0.03 before the intervention and 80.5±21.5 six month after the intervention and difference was significant (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1099-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1099-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {MoghimiHanjani, S. and MehdizadehTorzani, Z. and Shoghi, M. and Ahmadi, G.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF FOOT REFLEXOLOGY ON THE OUTCOMES OF LABOR ON PRIMIPAROUS}, abstract ={The Effect of foot reflexology on the outcomes of labor on primiparous Moghimi Hanjani S[1]*, Mehdizadeh Torzani Z[2], Shoghi M[3], Ahmadi G[4] Received: 20 May, 2012 Accepted: 23Aug, 2012 AbstractBackground & Aims: Fear of labor pain is one of the problems that raises the rate of caesarean section in our country. Midwifes can use one of the non-pharmacological pain relief methods such as reflexology, and they can encourage mothers to normal vaginal delivery. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of reflexology on the outcomes of labor in primiparous. Materials & Methods: This clinical trial study was carried out on 80 nuliparous women with low risk pregnancies that refer to Karaj hospitals. They were randomized into two groups, intervention group received reflexology for 40 minutes, and control group. The duration of labor, type of delivery and Apgar at 1;5 minutes were determined for both two groups. Result: Duration of labor in the intervention group significantly was lower than the control group (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1098-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1098-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Kamalifard, M. and Ghojazadeh, M. and Abbasalizadeh, S. H. and Ghatrehsamani, F. and Rabiei, L.}, title = {THE DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF THREE FETAL MOVEMENTS COUNTING IN ONE HOUR BY MOTHER IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF DECREASED FETAL MOVEMENTS}, abstract ={The diagnostic value of three fetal movements counting in one hour by mother in the diagnosis of decreased fetal movements Kamalifard M[1], Ghojazadeh M[2], Abbasalizadeh Sh[3], Ghatrehsamani F[4], Rabiei L[5]* Received: 1 Jun, 2012 Accepted: 25 Aug, 2012AbstractBackground & Aims: Fetal movement counting is a method that used by the mother to quantify her baby's movements. Since 1970s a variety of counting techniques with different alarm limits have been developed few of which have been evaluated for predictive values and hence the clinical value of the absolute number of fetal movements has not been established.Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2011 in Educational and Medical Center of Alzahra in Tabriz. Three hundred singleton pregnant women at 32-40 weeks’ gestation having inclusion criteria were selected randomly from among women with complaint of decreased fetal movement. To perform the counting of three fetal movements in one hour and their recording in related chart was instructed by the researcher in a face to face manner. After the counting, pregnant woman was referred to ultrasound unit in order to perform the test of biophysical profile, then the two test results were compared with each other.Result: According to the test of fetal movement counting, 99.7% of fetuses were active and 0.3% of them were inactive. On the basis of the test of biophysical profile, 96.3% of fetuses had score of 10 and 3.7% had score less than 10. In this study, a significant relationship was found to exist between the result of maternal fetal movement counting and biophysical profile (p< 0.001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of the test of fetal movement counting were 100%, 96%, 9% and 100% respectively.Conclusion:  The result of this study suggests the usefulness of maternal fetal movement counting as an early simple screening and noninvasive method in assessment of fetal well-being.Key words: Diagnostic value, Fetal movement counting, Biophysical profile Address: Student research center, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of  Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Tel: (+98)9124900711Email: Leilarabii@yahoo.com                                   [1] MSc, Instructor, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of  Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of  Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.[2] Assistant Professor of physiology, Women's health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.[3] Perinatologist, Associate Professor, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.[4] Radiologist, Associate Professor, Faculty of medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.[5] MSc, Postgraduate Student, Student research center, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of  Nursing & Midwifery, Tabriz University of  Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. (corresponding author)}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1097-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1097-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Askarykachoosangy, R. and Aliabai, F. and Taghizadeh, G. H.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF TACTILE-KINESTHETIC STIMULATION ON REFLEX STATE OF LOW BIRTH WEIGHT NEONATES HOSPITALIZED IN NICU}, abstract ={The Effect of Tactile-Kinesthetic Stimulation on Reflex state of Low Birth Weight Neonates Hospitalized in NICU Askary kachoosangy R[1]*, Aliabai F[2],Taghizadeh GH[3] Received: 18 Jun, 2012 Accepted: 18Aug, 2012 AbstractBackground & Aims: Low birth weight (LBW) infants need complementary interventions like massage because they are very fragile. Tactile Kinesthetic Stimulation is a kind of massage with passive joint motion that has very benefits for infants. LBW prevalence in our country has been reported 10% and these infants would have many developmental problems and dysfunction in future. The present study was done to determine the effect of Tactile-Kinesthetic Stimulation (TKS) in the reflex state of LBW neonates.Materials & Methods: This research was a clinical trial study in which 40 LBW neonates were randomly allocated into test (20) and control (20) groups. TKS was provided for three 15 minute periods per day for 10 consecutive days to the test group, with the massages consisting of moderate pressure strokes in supine and prone position, and kinesthetic exercises consisting of flexion and extension of limbs. All measurements were taken before and after completion of the study with the same equipment and by the same person.Result: Results indicated that reflex state in the intervention group was not significantly higher than that in the control group after the 10 days TKS.Conclusion: TKS is not an effective intervention in reflex state of LBW neonates during the first days of life. Comparing this result with those of other researches, more studies need to be done in this field.Key words: Tactile-Kinesthetic Stimulation, Low Birth Weight neonate, reflex, NBAS Address: Tehran, Mir Damad, Mohseni Square, Shahid Shah Nazari Alley Nezam , Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Department of Occupational Therapy Tel: (+98)Email: MS - askary_ot@yahoo. com                                 [1] MS, Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (corresponding author)[2] MS, Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences[3]MS, Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1096-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1096-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Ziaeirad, M. and Motaghi, M. and Sadeghi, N. and Davari, E.}, title = {PHYSICAL SUMMARY SCORE OF QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH ANGINA UNDERGOING ENHANCED EXTERNAL COUNTERPULSATION, BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT}, abstract ={Physical summary score of quality of life in patients with angina undergoing Enhanced External Counterpulsation, before and after treatment Ziaeirad M [1], Motaghi M [2], Sadeghi N [3], Davari E [4] Received: 14 Jun , 2012 Accepted: 5 Sep, 2012 AbstractBackground & Aims: Angina pectoris influences on work abilities, social interactions and daily activities of patients. This study examined the physical summary score of quality of life in patients with angina who underwent enhanced external counterpulsation.Materials & Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. We studied 64 patients with angina who underwent enhanced external counterpulsation. Data were collected using demographic and clinical data questionnaires as well as health related quality of life Short Form 36(SF-36) questionnaire (Iranian version) in three stages. The results were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics by applying spss.  Result: The mean age of patients was 65 (SD= 10/54) years old and male/female ratio was 38/26. The mean coronary artery disease duration was 8 years (SD=5/72) and about 70/3% had history of myocardial infarction. The results of study showed that the mean of all the subscales of physical summary scores showed significant improvement at the end of treatment and at 3 months after treatment compared to before enhanced external counterpulsation.Conclusion:  Significant improvement is achieved in physical summary score of quality of life of patients after enhanced external counterpulsation. It appears that beyond 3 months this improvement continues to be significant in all the subscales of physical summary score. Therefore enhanced external counter pulsation can be used as noninvasive and effective treatment to increase quality of life in patients with angina Key words: angina pectoris, enhanced external counterpulsation, health- related quality of life. Address: Isfahan, Arghavanieh, University Boulevard, Islamic Azad University , Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch Tel: (+98311)5354058Email: m.ziaeirad@khuisf.ac.ir [1] Faculty member, MSc Nursing, Departman of Nursing and midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran. (corresponding author)[2] Faculty member, MSc Nursing, Departman of Nursing and midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran. [3] Faculty member, MSc Nursing, Phd nursing student, Departman of Nursing and midwifery, Islamic Azad University, Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch, Isfahan, Iran.  [4] MSc of Intensive nursing, Isfahan, Iran.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1095-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1095-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {SadeghnazhadForotgeh, M. and Vanaki, Z. and Memarian, R.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF NURSING CARE PLAN BASED ON “ROY ADAPTATION MODEL” ON PSYCHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES TYPE II}, abstract ={The effect of nursing care plan based on “Roy Adaptation model” oN psychological adaptation in patients with diabetes type II Sadeghnazhad Forotgeh M[1]*,Vanaki Z[2],Memarian R[3] Received: 1 Jun , 2012 Accepted: 10 Sep, 2012AbstractBackground & Aims: Applying “Roy adaptation model" for diabetes patients need carefully assessment and care planning based on principles of this model. But no study has done by that, up to now in our nursing. So, this study was done in order to assess the effect of nursing care plan designed based on “Roy adaptation model” on psychological adaptation in type II diabetics' patients.Materials & Methods: The study was a quasi experimental one carried out on two groups before and after intervention which was done in Parsian Diabetes Foundation in Mashhad in 2009. Samples were 60 diabetics’ patients selected non- randomly and allocated in two groups randomly. For data gathering “Roy assessment form”, adaptation strategies questionnaire, and HgA1C test were used. In “Roy assessment form”, maladaptive behaviors and their stimulators in psychological domains were determined. Then, nursing care plan was designed based on the results of it, and it was implemented for 2.5 months and one month follow up. After this, data repeatedly gathered and analyzed by “chi-square test, t- test and Wilcocxon test” in SPSS17.Result: Analyzing demographic data in two groups with chi-square test (x2) showed that they were matched (p >0.05). Average of age was 48 ±7/3 .Comparison of HgA1c before and after intervention in case group by paired t-test was significant (p >0.05). Also, Wilcoxon test showed (p >0.05) the decreasing of maladaptive behaviors in self concept and interdependence mode in case group. But role function mode did not show significant decreasing (p >0.05).Conclusion:  Applying the "care plan designed" based on “Roy adaptation model” for increasing psychological adaptation in type two diabetics' patients is highly recommend.Key words: psychological adaptation, Roy adaptation model, Type II diabetes Address: Mashhad, Cross doctora, next to Hospital Imam Reza, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Graduate Studies UnitTel: (+98)9158905653, (+98511)8591511Email: sadeghnezhadm1@yahoo.com [1] MSc. pediatric Nursing, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University  (corresponding author)  *                          [2] Associate Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University[3] Assistant Professor of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1094-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1094-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {ZagheriTafreshi, M. and AtashzadehShorideh, F. and Pazargadi, M. and Barbaz, A. H.}, title = {QUALITY OF NURSING CARE: NURSES’, PHYSICIANS’, PATIENTS’ AND PATIENTS FAMILY’S PERSPECTIVES: A QUALITATIVE STUDY}, abstract ={Quality of nursing care: nurses’, physicians’, patients’ and patients family’s perspectives: A qualitative study Zagheri Tafreshi M[1], Atashzadeh Shorideh F[2]*, Pazargadi M[3], Barbaz AH[4] Received: 20 May, 2012 Accepted: 31 Jul , 2012Abstract Background & Aims:  Quality in health care has varied aspects, definitions and interpretations. According to many differences in definition of nursing care quality in various cultures, this study was done to explore the meaning of nursing care quality from the stakeholders’ point of view.   Materials & Methods: A hermeneutic phenomenology approach was used to conduct this study in order to depict the lived experiences of nurses, doctors, patients and their relatives about nursing care quality. Data were collected through individual deep interviews, focus group and observasions, and analysis using Dikelmann’s method. Result:  In this study, six doctors, ten nurses, twenty-two patients were interviewed individually, and 20 patients’ relatives were interviewed by focus group. 2312 initial codes were extracted at first stage of analyzing data. Then in ongoing process of analyzing, comparing and reductions, finally, 22 subthemes were extracted and five themes emerged. The concept of quality nursing care from the perspective of doctors, nurses, patients and their relatives' was difined as “meet the needs of patients with intentioality, emotional - psychological relationships, support, respect, responsibility and accountability”.Conclusion:Nursing managers must identify strategies to support and provide better nursing care, which reflect purposeful care, nursing responsibility, promotive psychological-affective relationships, patient respect and support for all clients. Findings may also be used by nurse educators to modify the nursing education curricula based on caring models within these meanings of quality of nursing care.Key words: quality of nursing care, hermeneutic phenomenology, nurse, doctor, patient, patient’s relatives Address: Tehran, Vali Asr Street, Niayesh Cross, martyr Beheshti Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Pediatrics Tel: (+98)9125000169Email: forooata@yahoo.com [1] PhD in nursing, Assistant professor.Nursing and Midwifery school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.[2] PhD nursing candidate, Department of nursing management, Nursing and Midwifery school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding author)[3] PhD in educational management, Associate professor.Nursing and Midwifery school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.  [4] MSc in Nursing Management, Faculty member of Nursing and Midwifery school, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. }, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1093-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1093-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Rassouli, M. and Zandiyeh, S. and Noorian, M. and Zayeri, F. and Yaghmaie, F.}, title = {“ONCOLOGY NURSES FATIGUE SCALE”: SCALE DEVELOPMENT}, abstract ={“Oncology Nurses Fatigue Scale”: Scale development Rassouli M [1]*, Zandiyeh S [2], Noorian M[3], Zayeri F [4], Yaghmaie F [5] Received: 25 Jul, 2012 Accepted: 15 Sep, 2012 Abstract Background & Aims: Fatigue is a common sign in health care providers, including oncology nurses which affects quality of care. There is a lack of valid and reliable tool to measure fatigue in oncology nurses. The present study aimed to develop a reliable and valid scale to measure fatigue in oncology nurses.Materials & Methods: In this methodological research, samples were oncology nurses who work at selected hospitals in Tehran that were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. After reviewing literatures about fatigue and gathering developed scales for measuring any aspects of fatigue, a 45-items fatigue scale was developed. Content Validity Index were assessed by 10 nurse faculties and 9 oncology nurses who were expert in this area. After this stage, construct validity, concurrent validity, internal consistency and stability was assessed via SPSS 16.Result:  A fatigue scale for oncology nurses with 21 items was developed. The factor analysis revealed 3 factors. Correlation of the scale scores with scores of criterion scale was 0.793 (P}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1092-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1092-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Heydarikhayat, N. and Rezaee, M. A. and Rasouli, D. and Kalbali, A.}, title = {THE RELATION OF SHOCK INDEX (SI) AND REVISED TRAUMA SCORE (RTS) WITH TRAUMA PATIENTS MORTALITY AFTER FIRST 24 HOURS OF ADMISSION AT KHATAM-AL ANBIA HOSPITAL IN IRANSHAHR}, abstract ={The Relation of Shock index (SI) and Revised trauma score (RTS) with trauma patients mortality after first 24 hours of admission at Khatam-AL Anbia hospital in Iranshahr Heydarikhayat N[1], Rezaee hematabadi MA[2], Rasouli D[3], Kalbali A[4] Received: 11 ay , 2012 Accepted: 5Aug, 2012Abstract Background & Aims: Trauma is one of the most important health problems and a leading cause of death in 4th decade of life. Mortality due to accidents has a critical situation in Iran and the mortality rate is increasing10-15% annually. The purpose of this study was assessing the relation of Shock index and revised trauma score with trauma patient’s mortality after first 24 hours of admission at khatam-al Anbia hospital in Iranshahr.Materials & Methods: Prospective design was used on 240 traumatic patients to predict mortality of trauma patients after 24 hours of hospitalization at Khatam-Alanbia hospital in Iranshahr. Descriptive statistics  χ2 test and logistic regression was used for data analysis.Result: 86/6% of trauma was due to accidents and falling. 38/3% experienced multi trauma. 2/1% expired during 24 hours of admission. The minimum and maximum sores and mean of SI were 0/31, 1/59 and 0/71 respectively. Also the minimum and maximum sores and mean of RTS were 7. 12 and 11/66 respectively. There was a significant relationship between SI and RTS with mortality of trauma patients by both X2 and logistic regression (P=0/000).Conclusion: The SI and TRS is a useful instrument for mortality predicating. To reduce errors in mortality prediction, it’s better to use them along with other kinds of triage instruments. Key words: Trauma, SI (shock index), RTS (Revised trauma score), Mortality Address: Faculty of Nursing & Midwifery Iranshahr, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. Tel: (+98)9187362361Email: heydarikhayat.nastaran@gmail.com[1] Senior Lecturer in Medical-surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery of Iranshahr , Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran. (corresponding author) *[2]Senior Lecturer in Medical-surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery of Iranshahr , Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran. [3] Senior Lecturer in Medical-surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery of Oromieh , Oromieh University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran. [4] Nursing student of School of Nursing and Midwifery of Iranshahr, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Iran.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1090-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1090-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {Hassani, P. and Otaghi, M.}, title = {ROY ADAPTATION MODEL IN HEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS: A MIXED METHOD RESEARCH}, abstract ={Roy Adaptation Model in Hemodialysis Patients: A Mixed Method Research Hassani P[1]*, Otaghi M[2] Received: 17 May, 2012 Accepted: 13Aug, 2012 AbstractBackground & Aims: RAM is used in ERSD patients. Nurses play important role in their adaptation. The goal of the study is to explain the adaptive and ineffective responses of Hemodialysis patients based on RAM in qualitative part, and to compare their adaptation scores in quantitative part. Materials & Methods: qualitative design of this mixed study method is descriptive phenomenology. Data were saturated by purposeful sampling (n=14). Data were drawn by Struebert and Fawcett methods and confirmed by Lincoln and Goba method .T-paired test was used to compare the means.  Result: 680 primary codes (236 adaptive and 444 ineffective responses) were identified at physiologic, self-concept, role play and interdependence modes in 9, 5, 3 and 2 subcategories respectively. Total adaptation score, and adaptation scores in physiologic and self-concept modes increased significantly but not in role play and interdependence modes.Conclusion:  Hemodialysis increases total adaptation of ERSD patients and is affective in physiologic and self-concept modes but not in role play and interdependence modes. Nursing interventions are necessary for these modes.Key words: Roy adaptation model, hemodialysis, mixed method  Address: Tehran, beginning of Niayesh avenue, nursing and midwifery faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences.  Tel: (+9821)88655369Email: Masoome_otaghi@yahoo.com[1] Assistant Professor, Faculty Member of nursing school, Shahid  Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, (Corresponding Author)[2] Candidate in  PhD Nursing, Shahid  Beheshti University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1089-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1089-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {HamedTavassoli, S. and Alhani, F. and Hajizadeh, E.}, title = {INVESTIGATING OF THE EFFECT OF FAMILIARIZATION PLAY ON THE INJECTIVE PROCEDURAL PAIN IN B- THALASSEMIC PRE – SCHOOL CHILDREN}, abstract ={Investigating of the effect of familiarization play on the injective procedural pain in B- Thalassemic pre – school children Hamed Tavassoli S [1], Alhani F [2]*, Hajizadeh E[3] Received: 11 Jun, 2012 Accepted: 22Aug, 2012Abstract Background & Aims: The use of intra-vein cutters is one of the most prevalent and painful procedures, and children especially young children usually call it the most stressful aspect of their disease, hospitalization, and even their outpatient visit. The present research investigates the influence of familiarization play on the pain severity in the case of injection procedures on pre school age children. Materials & Methods: The present study is a clinical experiment. The research sample consists of 60 Thalassemic children of 3-7 years old, in Thalassemia sections in Gilan. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. In the experimental group, a familiarization play was carried out for 10-15 minutes prior to the injection procedure. The instruments used in the research include: demographic characteristics, the Questionnaire of child clinical fear and the self report instrument of Chip Pooker Pain, The analysis of the data was carried out by using SPSS. Result: The data indicated that after the treatment, there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in terms of the average scores of pain. It showed a significant decline in the familiarization play group (P< 0.05). Conclusion: According to the research results, the treatments of familiarization play is influential on the pain decrease resulted from the injection procedures in children Therefore it is suggested that child nurses use the methods of familiarization play in order to comfort the children with acute and chronic diseases who are frequently under treatment measures.Key words: Pain, pre school child, Thalassemia, nurse, familiarization play.  Address: Nursing department, Tarbiat Modares University Tel: (+98)9123495476, (+9821)82883898Email: alhani_f@modares.ac.ir [1]MSc. pediatric Nursing, Alumni of Tarbiat Modares University and Nursing & Midwifery Faculty Member, Guilan University of Medical Sciences [2] associate Professor, Nursing department, Tarbiat Modares University(corresponding author) *[3] associate Professor, Biostatic department, Tarbiat Modares University}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {5}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1088-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1088-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2012} } @article{ author = {MiriGhaffarzadeh, S. H. and Nazari, H. and Motazakker, M.}, title = {OBSTACLES TO RESEARCH ACTIVITIES: A SURVEY OF FACULTY MEMBER’S VIEW AT URMIA UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES IN 2010}, abstract ={  Obstacles to Research Activities: A Survey of Faculty Member’s view at Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2010     Mir Ghaffarzadeh SH [1] , Nazari H [2] , Motazakker M [3]     Received: 18 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 15 Nov , 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : This study uncovers the obstacles to research activities by studying the views of faculty members at Urmia University of Medical Sciences in 2010.   Materials & Methods : This descriptive cross-sectional study is based on a researcher-designed self-completed anonymous questionnaire. 117 randomly selected faculty members reported their views on research activities and obstacles including: individual, organizational, intra-organizational, and natural aspects. We used Likert Scale and SPSS descriptive tests to analyze collected data.   Result : There were 39 (3/33%) female and 78 (7/66%) were male subjects. 63 subjects from the school of medicine, 28 from nursing and midwifery, and 26 from paramedics and healthcare services. In the past three years 82.9% of the university’s faculty members have participated in at least one research project and published or are about to publish their study in a domestic or an international journal. 92.3% of them have joined one or more domestic or international Congress. According to them, the main obstacles to research at the University include: Low budgets of research projects, lack of the balance between teaching and researching hours, infectivity of results in decision making, planning and management at national level, lack of professionalism, lack of the research result application, lack of the research prioritization based on needs assessment, long process of research proposal approval.   Conclusion: Research activities, from the standpoint of faculty members, seem to be influenced by various obstacles. Reviewing Laws and regulation, designing solution providing systems, applying coherent plans for empowerment and motivating researchers to favor research activities can be effective in addressing these obstacles.   Key words: Obstacles, Research, Faculty member     Address: Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Vice Chancellor for Research and Technology   Tel: (+98)4412231930   Email : motazakker@yahoo.com   [1] PhD in Anthropology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences   [2] MA Student Management Information Systems, Department of Management, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch   [3] Assistant professor of virology, Urmia University of Medical Science, Urmia, Iran (corresponding author)*}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1176-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1176-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Kohan, S. H. and Simbar, M. and Talaghani, F.}, title = {REPRODUCTIVE AGE WOMEN`S EXPERIENCES ABOUT EMPOWERMENT IN FAMILY PLANNING: A QUALITATIVE STUDY}, abstract ={  Reproductive age women`s experiences about empowerment in family planning: a qualitative study     Kohan S [1] , SimbarM [2] *, Talaghani F [3]     Received: 31 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 02 Dec, 2012       Abstract   Background & Aims : Women's empowerment is a process of the expansion in women`s ability and freedom to make strategic life choices, especially empowering them for decision making about family planning and fertility desires. The study Aimed to comprehend the experiences of women about empowerment in family planning.   Materials & Methods : In this qualitative study, data were gathered from 35 married women who eligible for contraception use at childbearing age. Seven focus group discussion sessions and five individual interviews were recorded and analyzed using qualitative content analysis method.   Result : Analysis of data showed that four main category as a meaning of empowerment in family planning in view of participants :1- control over fertility plan 2- partnership in family planning 3- maintaining health 4- access to family planning services.   Conclusion: in view of participants, with knowledge about family planning and autonomy for decision making they gain control over their fertility plan. Couples agreement in fertility desires and partner`s support in implementing family planning result in a partnership for family planning. Planned pregnancy, safe and appropriate contraception methods help women to maintain their health. Access to desired contraception methods during couple counseling and well treatment of side effects occur in use of contraception methods were highly emphasized. Thus to achieve empowerment in family planning we need to be planning it in the family, society and health systems.   Key words: women empowerment, family planning, control over fertility, qualitative content analysis     Address: Tehran, Vali-Asr Avenue, above the Mir Damad, Cross of Vali-Asr and Neiaiesh Highway, Opposite to Rajaee Heart Hospital, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery SHahid Beheshti, Third Floor, Postal Code: 1996835119   Tel: (+98)2188202516   Email : msimbar@yahoo.com   [1] assistant professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Nursing & Midwifery Care Research Centre  [2] Associate Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery of Shahid Beheshti Medical Science University (corresponding author)*  [3] Associate professor, Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Nursing & Midwifery Care Research Centre}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1171-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Sharifi, A. and Alipour, A. and Baharloei, S.}, title = {COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC AND VOICES OF HOLY QURAN ON ANXIETY OF WOMAN BEFORE CESAREAN}, abstract ={  Comparison of the Effect of Instrumental Music and voices of Holy Quran on anxiety of woman before cesarean.     Sharifi A [1] *, Alipour A [2] , Baharloei S [3]     Received: 24 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 20 Nov, 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : fear and anxiety before surgery characterized with the stress with arousal of the autonomic nervous system that causes physical and psychological changes, increased postoperative pain and prolong recovery time.   Materials & Methods : method is experimental pretest-posttest with control group. 45 women waiting for cesarean section were assigned randomly in three groups (music therapy, voices of the Quran and control group). All groups were tested with the Spielberger's State Anxiety Inventory, before intervention. Then 20 minutes the instrumental music for music group and voices of the Quran for voices of the Quran group was played. Spielberger's State Anxiety again was performed in three groups..   Result : The results showed that difference of scores in the Quran voices and music groups with the control group scores was significant and anxiety scores in both groups against the control group was declined. Also the results show that the difference in anxiety scores between the two groups of voices of the Quran and music is significant and mean of anxiety scores in voices of the Quran group in posttest lesser than mean of scores in music group.   Conclusion: Although the music reduces anxiety, but the voices of the Quran greater than music, reduces anxiety before a cesarean section.   Key words: women, cesarean section, anxiety, the Quran voices, Music     Address : Payam Noor University of Tehran, PO Box 3697-19395   Tel: (+98) Email : aliakbarsharifi@pnu.ac.ir   [1] Lecturer , Department of Psychology , Payam Noor University of Tehran (Corresponding Author)*   [2] Professor, Department of Psychology , Payam Noor University of Tehran   [3] BS Psychology , Payam Noor University of Tehran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1170-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1170-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Shakeri, M. and Fekri, S. H. and Shahnavaz, A.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM BASED ON BASNEF MODEL ON THE PREGNANT MOTHERS` PHYSICAL ACTIVITY}, abstract ={  The Effect of educational program based on BASNEF model on the pregnant mothers` physical activity     Shakeri M [1] *, Fekri Sh [2] , Shahnavaz A [3]     Received: 05 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 06 Dec, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Regular physical activity is an important role in pregnancy, therefore this investigation was carried out in order to assess thee effect of educational program based on BASNEF model on the pregnant mothers` physical activity.   Materials & Methods : This pre- and post-intervention quasi-experimental study was conducted on 280 pregnant women expecting their first child. They were randomly divided into two groups of experimental ;control. Mothers in experimental group were trained both theoretically and practically in 8 sessions (90sceconds), while those in control group received routine care only. Data collected in pre and post test, then the 2 groups were compared. Data was analyzed by repeated measures of ANOVA, Friedman, Mann-Whitney U , and independent and paired t -tests by using SPSS-16 software.   Result : After the intervention, mean scores of BASNEF Model variables were significantly increased in the experimental group compared to the controls after intervention. There was not any significant difference in physical activity between the two groups of pre-intervention (p=0. 531) but there were significant differences after the intervention between the 2 groups (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1169-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1169-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Sakkaki, M. and Khairkhah, M.}, title = {PROMOTION OF EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING: TEACHING GOOD POSITIONING AND SUPPORT FROM FATHERS AND FAMILIES}, abstract ={  Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding: Teaching good positioning and support from fathers and families     Sakkaki M [1] *, Khairkhah M [2]     Received: 23 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 21 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Breastfeeding has many advantages for both mothers and infants. Several factors have negative effect on the duration of breastfeeding, one of them being mode of delivery. Caesarean sectioned mothers need more help and support, especially in positioning of infant on their breast. In addition, the role of partner and family during initial weeks after birth to support and encouragement of mothers, is very important. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of home visit after caesarean delivery on exclusive breastfeeding.   Materials & Methods : The study was a randomized controlled trial with 100 mothers who admitted in an educational hospital of Iran University Medical Sciences and gave birth through cesarean delivery. Patients were selected continually and allocated randomly in two groups of experimental and control. During the trial some of samples excluded from research and finally 67 pair of mother and infant remained. Data collection tools included a questionnaire which was completed via interview with mothers about infant’s feeding. Four home visits were performed at 3rd, 10th, 30th, and 60 th day after discharge from hospital in the experimental group. In these days the type of infant’s feeding in control group was recorded after telephone interview with mothers. Data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.   Result : According to the results, after teaching good positioning, there was significant increasing in ratio of mothers who breastfed their baby exclusively during six month after birth (P=0. 02). The number of mothers who perceived milk insufficiency, decreased significantly and there was significant differences in exclusive breastfeeding during six month postpartum in two groups (P=0. 000).   Conclusion: During the initial weeks postpartum, if cesarean sectioned mothers were taught good positioning during feeding baby, the rate of exclusive breastfeeding increases and mother’s perception of milk insufficiency decreases. Successful nutrition with mother’s milk during first week after birth is associated with support and encouragement of midwife, partner and family at home.   Key words: Exclusive breastfeeding, Home visit, cesarean delivery, family support.     Address: Vice- chancellor for treatment. Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Zanjan, Iran.   Tel: (+98)9122416390   Email : maryamsakkaky@yahoo. com   [1] Ms in midwifery. Vice- chancellor for treatment. Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. Zanjan, Iran.  (corresponding author)*  [2] Ms in midwifery. Senior lecturer, Department of midwifery, school of nursing and midwifery. Tehran University of Medical Sciences.}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1168-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Rahimi, B. and Ebrahimi, Z. and Rashidi, A.}, title = {EVALUATION OF NURSES POINT OF VIEWS ABOUT HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM (HIS) IN URMIA}, abstract ={  Evaluation of Nurses Point of Views about Hospital Information System (HIS) in Urmia     Rahimi B [1] *, Ebrahimi Z [2] , Rashidi A [3]     Received: 17 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 16 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Nowadays Most hospitals replace their paper-based medical records with Electronic Health Records or update their old Hospital Information systems (HISs). A descriptive study of nurses as end users of these systems can be helpful to design better systems and therefore achieve more advantages like more patients' safety.   Materials & Methods : To assay the attitudes' of nurses toward Hospital Information systems, 400 nurses were asked to estimate whether they agree or disagree with a set of statements for each of the three diffusion of innovation theory attributes (relative advantages, complexity, and compatibility). 303 questionnaires were completed and analyzed by SPSS (Statistical Product and Services Solution, version 18).   Result : A large share of the nurses agreed that the HIS system is faster (92. 7%) and easier than paper records (90. 1%), saves time (81. 1%), and increases the legibility of the data (90. 8%). 55% agreed that the system leads to computer-related problems (software and hardware), and 51. 5% agreed that HIS leads to inhumane errors. A low percentage of the nurses (13. 9%) agreed that the system leads to more adverse drug events.   Conclusion: According to our results nurses' attitudes were found to be positive about using HIS system to improve clinical documentation. Moreover results can help managers understand key consideration affecting HIS development and use and may be applied as a reference for system development and improvement. .   Key words: Nurses, point of views, Hospital Information System     Address: Urmia, St Jahad, Urmia University of Medical Sciences   Tel : (+ 98)4412244686, fax: (+98)4412240655   Email : bahlol. rahimi@gmail. com   [1] Assistant Professor of Informatics Science, Urmia University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)*   [2] GP   [3] Assistant Professor of Information Science, Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1164-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1164-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Hassani, M. and Majidi, J.}, title = {PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT: A STRATEGY FOR PROMOTION OF PARTICIPATORY DECISION-MAKING, AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR (CASE STUDY: URMIA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY)}, abstract ={  Psychological Empowerment: A Strategy for promotion of Participatory Decision-making, and organizational citizenship behavior (Case study: Urmia Medical University)     Hassani M [1] *, Majidi j [2]     Received: 21 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 21 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The present study surveys the relationships between participatory decision- making, organizational citizenship behavior, and psychological empowerment of the Urmia Medical University staff members.   Materials & Methods : The statistical population of the study includes the whole staff members of the Urmia Medical University comprising 480 subjects. The research sample covers 214 male and female subjects selected through stratified random sampling. The study is descriptive and of correlation type. To analyze data, the study employs descriptive statistics methods such as indices of central tendency, distributive indices, and inferential statistics including Kolmogrov- Smirnov test, and multiple regression.   Result : The results revealed that psychological empowerment and three of its subcategories including impact, autonomy and meaning (but not competence) have mediating role in the relationship between PDM and OCB. Furthermore, there is a significant and positive relationship between PDM and staff psychological empowerment. Also, staff organizational citizenship behavior depends on empowerment and all its components except autonomy.   Conclusion: Hence, with regard to the above mentioned results, it is significant to pay close attention to staff psychological empowerment as an effective factor in staff participation rate at decision- making which in turn leads to the appearance of their organizational citizenship behavior.   Key words: Participation in decision making, Organizational citizenship behavior, Psychological Empowerment, staff members of Urmia M edical University     Address : Urmia, St. Valfajr 2, opposite Broadcasting, Urmia University Faculty of Literature and Humanities   Tel: (+98)914147800 Email : MHS_105@yahoo.com   [1] Associate Professor of Urmia University (Corresponding Author)*   [2] Master of Educational Management of Urmia University}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1162-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1162-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Jafarizadeh, H. and Habibzadeh, H. and Mohamadpor, Y. and Khalilzadeh, H. and Rasoli, D. and Rahmani, A. and Ahangarzaderezaei, S. and Mokhtari, G. H.}, title = {COMPONENT OF THE ADVERSE IMPACT ON GROW THIN CHILDREN 6 TO24 MONTHS}, abstract ={  Component of the adverse impact on grow thin children 6 to24 months.     Jafarizadeh H [1] *, Habibzadeh H [2] , Mohamadpor Y1, Khalilzadeh H1, Rasoli D1, Rahmani A1, Ahangarzaderezaei S1, Mokhtari GH [3]     Received: 20 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 18 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : The growth of each child in the face of factors such as disease and nutrition is very sensitive and most sensitive measure of growth is weight. This study aimed to determine the factors adversely affecting growth in children 6 to 24 months was conducted. Materials & Methods: Information compiled by the researcher-made questionnaire, the results from previous research and the criteria for poor growth were collected and were analyzed with SPSS software. Descriptive statistics of variables and parameters for data analysis, inferential statistics were used. Result: Of the children surveyed 50.3% boys and 49.7 percent of the children were girls. Gender of individuals studied was not significantly associated with poor growth. The most important variables in this study can be adversely affecting the growth of LBW, multiple nature, having reduced the number of pregnancies and breastfeeding noted. Conclusion: Findings could lead to improved primary health care in the age pyramid of 6 to 24 months . Therefore, respecting the most effective factors on undesired growth in health care centers can prevent the related problems .   Keywords : Component affect , adverse growth and children.     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961, 9144463917 Email : jafarizadeh@umsu.ac.ir   [1] Instructor of Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery faculty. Urmia University of Medical Scinces.  [2] Assistant Professor of Nursing. Nursing and Midwifery faculty. Urmia University of Medical Scinces.  [3] G P. Sahiyeh Health Center Maneger}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1160-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1160-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Bagherieh, F. and HemmatiMaslakpak, M. and Khalkhali, H. R.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF PEER MENTORING PROGRAM PERFORMANCE ON CLINICAL FUNCTION IN SECOND SEMESTER NURSING STUDENTS}, abstract ={  The effect of Peer mentoring program performance on clinical function in second semester nursing students     Bagherieh F [1] , Hemmati Maslakpak M [2] *, Khalkhali HR [3]     Received: 02 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 29 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Clinical education is important part of nursing teaching. The peer mentoring program is considered a learning strategy that helps nursing students with their individual and professional growth . This study was carried out to determine the impact of Peer Mentoring program performance on clinical function in second semester nursing students in Uremia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty.   Materials & Methods : This research is a quasi-experimental study in which 44 second semester nursing students selected through census who met inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups as control (21) and intervention (23) . The control group received clinical education through traditional method and the experiment group through Peer mentoring program-based education . In intervention group, a 7th semester nursing student as peer mentor was assigned 5-4 second semester nursing student and, took the role of guiding and supporting them. Students’ clinical function, pre test and post test were observed via checklist. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using, Chi², independent t test, Mann Whitney.   Result : Students clinical function achieved by the intervention group with Peer mentoring program -based education were significantly higher than that of the control group (P = 0.000). The difference between the mean scores clinical function in the two groups was significant (P = 0.001).   Conclusion: Peer mentoring program -based education leads to developing nursing students' clinical function more than traditional method. Therefore, it is recommended to use this model in clinical education.   Key words: peer mentoring program, clinical function, nursing students, clinical education     Address: Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran   Tel: (+98) 441 2754961   Email : Hemmati_m@umsu.ac.ir   [1] Nursing Education MA student , Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery   [2] PhD of nursing, Assistant Professor of Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran (Corresponding Author)*   [3] Assistant Professor Biostatistics of Urmia University of Medical Science, Urumia, Iran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1159-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1159-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Bageriyan, S. and Borhani, F. and Abaszadeh, A.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF NON – PHARMACOLOGIC PAIN MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR VENIPUNCTURE PAIN IN SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN IN THE CENTER FOR THALASSEMIA IN THE CITY OF KERMAN}, abstract ={  The effect of non – pharmacologic pain management methods for venipuncture pain in school aged children in the Center for Thalassemia in the city of Kerman     Bageriyan S [1] , Borhani F [2] *, Abaszadeh A [3]     Received: 12 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 20 Nov, 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : Establishing intravenous line (IV catheter) is one of the most common invasive procedures that cause pain in these children. Injection pain in children is so important that is stated as the most stressful aspect of their disease. There are various pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to prevent and reduce pain. One of the non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain is distraction   Aim: Comparison of the influence of two distraction methods (Rhythmic Breathing and Bubble Making) on the pain severity of injection procedures for school age children in Kerman Thalassemia Center.   Materials & Methods : The present study is a clinical trial. The research sample consists of 40 thalassemia children with 6-12 years old, who have registered in Kerman thalassemia center. The participants were randomly divided into two groups. In the first experimental group, bubble making was performed and in the second experimental group, rhythmic breathing was carried out. The data gathering instruments were included: demographic information questionnaire, the investigation scale of pain behavioral signs, numeric pain scale. The analysis of the data was carried out through descriptive and analytical analysis.   Result : The data indicated that there was not a significant difference between the two experimental groups in the average scores of pain (P>0. 05). There was a reverse and significant correlation between the increase of age and numerical pain scale using Spearman correlation test (rho=- 0. 278, p < 0. 05). There was also a reverse and significant correlation between the increase of age and behavioral pain scale using Spearman correlation test (rho = -0. 359, p < 0. 01). There was a direct and significant correlation between the numerical pain scale and Behavioral one using Spearman correlation (rho=0. 674, p < 0. 001).   Conclusion: Based on the result of this study, the two distraction methods ( Rhythmic Breathing and Bubble Making ) can reduce the pain of injection procedures in children.   Key words: Pain, Bubble making, Rhythmic Breathing, Distraction methods     Address: Faculty of Razi Nursing and Midwifery Kerman University of Medical Sciences   Tel:   Email :   [1] Master of Nursing, Member Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam university Medical Sciences   [2] PhD in Nursing , Professor of Nursing , Faculty of Razi Nursing and Midwifery , Kerman University of Medical Sciences (Corresponding Author)   [3] PhD in Nursing , Associate Professor of Nursing , Faculty of Razi Nursing and Midwifery , Kerman University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1158-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1158-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Zandi, M. and Vanaki, Z. and Shiva, M. and Mohamadi, E. and BagariLankarani, N.}, title = {PASSING THE STRESSFUL PERIOD OF DOUBT AND DECISION MAKING: EXPERIENCES OF COMMISSIONING MOTHERS TO CONFRONT AND ACCEPT SURROGACY}, abstract ={  Passing the Stressful period of Doubt and Decision making: Experiences of Commissioning Mothers to Confront and Accept Surrogacy     Zandi M [1] , Vanaki Z [2] *, Shiva M [3] , Mohamadi E [4] , Bagari Lankarani N [5]     Received: 15 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 14 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Infertile women's live experiences at the time of confrontation with surrogacy and decision making for having child in this manner is a subject that haven’t been paid attention in researches. The more recognition from perception and attitude of commissioning mothers is important and it can help nurses to be able to empower them. The purpose of this study is to explore and to explain the commissioning mothers' experiences at the time of confrontation and decision making to start remedy.   Materials & Methods : In this qualitative study which has been carried out in 2010-2011, 11 commissioning mothers had gestational surrogacy for the first time (in waiting time or child rearing) selected by using purposeful sampling from Ruyan Institute and then the other infertility centers. Also to fulfill the study purpose, the researchers have interviewed with 5 infertility centers' personnel for triangulating resources. Totally 25 deep unstructured interviews have been done with 16 persons. Data analysis has been done and by use of conventional content analysis method.   Result : Participant’s experiences expressed commonly that “mothers usually pass a period of stressful doubt and decision making’ which has been formed two main and seven subsidiary categories including 1. ”The regret of having child" including two dimensions" infertility harm" and "to wish being mother" and 2. "Accepting the method as the only hopeful way" which includes five dimensions: "searching information", "decision making", "resistance and uncertainty about surrogacy acceptance", "assaying priorities" and "starting surrogacy acceptance".   Conclusion: Infertile women suffer heavy stress and they pass complex process for final decision making. Nurses are providers of family and society care and they could play noteworthy role in presenting enough information and new technologies which can be helpful for fertility, and as a result they can play a supportive role to their patients.   Key words: Surrogacy, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART), Infertility.     Address: Tehran, Faculty of Medicine Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Department of Nursing   Tel: (+98)   Email : vanaki_z@modares. ac. ir   [1] PhD Nursing , Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing Department   [2] Associate Professor , Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing (Corresponding Author)*  [3] Assistant Professor , Research Center , Royan Institute for Reproductive Biology and Medical Science ACECR , Tehran   [4] Associate Professor , Tehran Tarbiat Modares University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nursing   [5] Assistant Professor , Research Center , Royan Institute for Reproductive Biology and Medical Science ACECR , Tehran}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1167-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1167-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Radfar, M. and Ahmadi, F. and FallahiKhoshknab, M.}, title = {DEPRESSIONROOTS IN VIEWPOINTS OF DEPRESSED PATIENTS’ FAMILY}, abstract ={  Depression roots in viewpoints of depressed patients' family     Radfar M [1] , Ahmadi F [2] , Fallahi Khoshknab M [3]     Received: 22 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 05 Dec, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : Depression is the most common mood disorder and there is no consensus about its’ causes. Theoretical models of the etiology of depression are diverse. Families have allegiance of different treatment, based on the model they have accepted so recognition of their experiences about affecting factors to incidence of depression will help nurses to plan and implement appropriate care based on depression patients' needs and their families The aim of this study was to explain the experiences of families about affecting factors to incidence of depression.   Materials & Methods : This is a qualitative research that was done using conventional content analysis method. 23 family members of the patients suffering from depression referred to Razi psychiatric clinic in Tehran were selected using purposeful sampling. Unstructured and in-depth interviews were applied to collect data. The interviews were transcribed and constant comparison analysis was applied. MaxQDA2007 software was used to manage the data.   Result : According to family experiences, affecting factors to incidence of depression have mainly root in personal, psychological, social and cultural factors. These factors are extracted in 4 main categories. They are "change in life”, “conflict in the family”, “unpleasant events” and "vulnerable personality". Change is always accompanied with stress. Lacks, the absence of loved ones, financial failure and physical illnesses are the changes that can make people susceptible to depression. Marital disagreements and misunderstanding between family members also lead to conflict in families and predispose to depression. Unpleasant events in life time and didn't meet needs and demand are another factor that has impact on outbreak/incidence of depression. In addition, dependent personality, lack of self confidence and isolation are also risk factors for depression.   Conclusion: Affecting factors to incidence of depression are multi-factorial. Nurses' could implement appropriate psychological educations for prevention and fallow-up if they have aware of perceived affecting factors by families.   Key words: Depression, Family, Nurse, Content Analysis     Address: Nursing department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran TarbiatModares University, Tehran, Iran   Tel : (+98)9121592824   Email : Ahmadif@modares. ac. ir   [1] BScN, MSc, PhD Candidate Nursing department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran TarbiatModares University, Tehran, Iran .   [2] BScN, MSc, PhD professor, Nursing department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tehran TarbiatModares University, Tehran, Iran. (Corresponding Author)*   [3] Assistant professor of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Nursing ;Geropsychiatric Nursing in Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences University, Tehran, Iran .}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1163-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1163-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Valizade, M. A. and Khorsandi, H. and AminiTapok, F. and HosseiniJazani, N. and RahimiRad, M. H. and Aqdashi, M. and Sardari, S.}, title = {COMPARISON OF EFFICIENCY OF EPIMAX S AND EPIMAX SC DISINFECTANTSON BACTERIA CAUSING INFECTIONS IN INTENSIVE CAREUNITS}, abstract ={  Comparison of efficiency of Ep i max S and Epimax SC disinfectants on bacteria causing infections in Intensive Care Units     Valizade MA [1] , Khorsandi H [2] , Amini Tapok F [3] , Hosseini Jazani N [4] , Rahimi Rad MH [5] , Aqdashi MM [6] , Sardari S [7]     Received: 23 Aug, 2012 Accepted: 20 Nov, 2012   Abstract   Background & Aims : Nosocomial infections cause death, increase costs and the patient’s length of stay in hospital. Proper use of disinfectants and anti-septics have an important role in reducing infections. The aim of this study was the evaluation of efficacy of Epimax S and Epimax SC disinfectants in intensive care units (ICU) of Urmia Imam Khomeini Hospital.   Materials & Methods : In Thiscross-sectionalstudy, 672 samples were collected from different surfaces and medical equipments of intensive care units before and after disinfections. Cultured samples were identified using differentiation and biochemical standard methods. The results were analyzed using SPSS and Excel softwares.   Result : Culture results of samples prior to disinfection of surfaces and equipment, showed that Contamination of the samples to different bacterial strains in intensive care units including 40% Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 29.2% Staphylococcus aureus, 18.17% Klebsiella, 6.17% E. coli, 4.34%, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and 2.17% Proteus. Laboratory studies showed that all the strains present in the samples are destroyed after disinfection by Epimax S with a concentration of 3% and contact time of 30 minutes, while Klebsiella was able to grow after disinfection with a concentration of 2% Epimax SC (recommended maximum concentration by manufacturer) and contact time of 30 minutes.  Conclusion: There are Significant difference between Epimax S and Epimax SC in control of hospital infection. According to the results, Epimax S of 3% with contact time of 30 minutes is recommended for prevention of nosocomial infections, especially in the intensive care unit, compared to Epimax SC . It is Recommended that proper selection of disinfectants and disinfection procedures, elimination of environmental reservoirs of infection and the patients talent and experience at risk for nosocomial infections should be evaluated for the prevention and control of hospital infections. Environmental health principles continuing education of hospital staff should be one of the operational programs of hospital infection control committee. Key words: Nosocomial infections, Disinfection, Epimax S, Epimax SC, Staphylococcus Saprophyticus, Staphylococcus Aureus  Address: Urmia, Boulevard Ershad, Center Imam Khomeini Urmia, Department of Environmental Health   Tel : (+98)4413457286, fax : (+98)4413484023   Email : fahimamini1977@gmail.com   [1] Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Fellowship, Assistant Professor, Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [2] Department of Environmental Health, Assistant Professor Faculty of Health, Urmia Medical Sciences University  [3] MSPH, on Environmental Health, Imam Khomeini hospital Urmia Medical Sciences University (Corresponding Author)*   [4] Microbiology PhD, Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [5] Specialist in internal medicine, pulmonary disease specialist, Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [6] Anesthesiology, Pain Fellowship, Assistant Professor Urmia University of Medical Sciences  [7] General Practitioner, Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1172-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1172-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {Jamalabadi, Z. and Sabzvari, S. and Baneshi, M. R.}, title = {THE EFFECT OF MOTHER PRESENCE ON THEIR VIEWS’ TO PAIN CONTROL IN NEONATES IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS}, abstract ={  The effect of mother presence on their views’ to pain control in neonates in Intensive care units .     Jamalabadi z [1] , Sabzvari S [2] *, Baneshi MR [3]     Received: 28 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 30 Nov, 2012     Abstract   Background & Aims : In NICU some painful procedures can be happened for neonates. Neonates pain is a stressful experience to their parents. This research was done to determine the effect of mother presence on their views to pain control in neonates in Intensive care units.   Materials & Methods : This research was a quasi experimental study. The sample based on pilot study on 20 mother was 150. The instrument for data gathering was a questionnaire including demographic variables and 24 MCQ questions that measured mothers’ views about neonates pain control before and after their presence in NICU. To analyze the data, SPSS 18 was used and significant difference was lower than 0. 05.   Result : There was significant difference in views before and after intervention (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1161-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1161-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} } @article{ author = {}, title = {THE EFFECT OF FOOT REFLEXOLOGY MASSAGE ON SEVERITY OF PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LOW BACK PAIN}, abstract ={  The effect of foot reflexology massage on severity of pain in patients with chronic low back pain      Rezvaniamin M [1] , Sirati nir M [2] , Ebadi A [3] , Sadeghi M, Moradian T [4] *      Received: 20 Sep, 2012 Accepted: 21 Nov, 2012      Abstract   Background & Aims : Low back pain has negative effects on different aspects of the patient’s li fe . Thus there are different methods for relieving low back pain. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of foot reflexology massage on severity of pain in patients with chronic low back pain.   Materials & Methods : In a clinical randomized trial consisting of totally 150 patients who were suffering from chronic low back pain. Using random allocation sampling method we divided all patients in three groups, each group consisting of 50 patients. These were: 1-expriment group (giving massage in the determined location) 2-control group (without any intervention) 3- placebo group (giving massage in all regions for three sessions) . All three groups received routine physiot herapy. Pain severity was assessed using McGill short form pain questionnaire and then compared between groups.   Result : The results of study indicated that pain reduced in three group, but reduction of pain in foot reflexology group was more than other two group (p}, Keywords = {}, volume = {10}, Number = {6}, pages = {0-0}, publisher = {Urmia University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1165-en.html}, eprint = {http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-1165-en.pdf}, journal = {Nursing And Midwifery Journal}, issn = {2717-0306}, eissn = {2717-0306}, year = {2013} }