1 2717-0306 Urmia University of Medical Sciences 252 پرستاری STRATEGIES OF STRENGTHENING FAMILY FOUNDATION Mohaddesi H. Yusofi M. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 STRATEGIES OF STRENGTHENING FAMILY FOUNDATION Mohaddesi H , Yusofi M* Received: 22 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Family is the first basis for psychosomatic growth and socialization of individuals in a community. Family members who are uninformed or reckless about their rights and responsibilities will make a field for different psychosocial damages such as violence, addiction, escape, and other abnormal behaviors. Therefore, it is necessary to train the future generation about their rights and responsibilities. Materials & Methods: Most researches indicate that there is an undeniable relationship among the family religious believes and reinforcement of psycho-mental health, chastity, stability of marriage, reduction of crimes, and addiction. So observance of ethical and moral values, familial environment, having a sincere relationship and training competent children are considered as worship in Islam and any misbehavior and eradication of family rights are considered as being away from divine mercy. Conclusion: Consistency and durability of every community depends on family strength and awareness from Islamic training commands and being committed to ethics within family environment are the most important steps in achieving these goals. The present study is taking a step in explaining the relationship between religiosity with family rights and strengthening its foundations. Keywords: Family, Islam, Life skills Address: Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Tel: (+98)9143413242 Email: hmohaddesi.han@gmail.com
251 پرستاری PROPOSED DEATH CERTIFICATE FORM Ahangarzade Rezaee S. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 PROPOSED DEATH CERTIFICATE FORM Ahangarzade Rezaee S* Received: 16 July, 2010 Accepted: 25Oct, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Health is the most important issue for the development of social justice in all developing countries. Human life is strongly linked to accidents, injuries, and diseases that cause millions of deaths annually in the world. Death record information is obtained through death certificate forms. The present study was conducted to revise the existing death certificate. Materials & Methods: This was a review study. The data were collected by searching on the internet and accessed more than fourteen countries death certificate forms. All forms were studied and the most complete form was selected and then compared with that of Iran. Eventually the proposed format of death certificate form was created. Results: The findings showed that the American form was the most complete form. Accordingly, the proposed format of death certificate form was designed and developed. To achieve more complete information, some new items were added to the general profile of the deceased, the address of the deceased, death cause, and burial permit. Conclusion: Cause-of-death data were used to identify health priorities, allocation of resources, planning interventional programs, and assessment and monitoring health problems. In order for an accurate registration of deaths and diseases in society, it is necessary to fill a complete death certificate form. It is hoped that forensic medicine organization in the country uses the proposed form and helps country managers to provide policies to improve public health. Keywords: Death certificate form, Diseases, Health problems Address: Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran Tel: (+98)441-2752378 E-mail: sorezayee@yahoo.com 250 پرستاری A COMPARATIVE SURVEY ON EFFECTS OF FACE TO FACE AND DISTANCED SHORT TERM TRAINING COURSES ON STAFF’S PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT Nastiezaie N. Hezare Mogadam M. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 A COMPARATIVE SURVEY ON EFFECTS OF FACE TO FACE AND DISTANCED SHORT TERM TRAINING COURSES ON STAFF’S PSYCHOLOGICAL EMPOWERMENT Nastiezaie N* , Hezare Mogadam M Received: 16 July, 2010 Accepted: 25 Oct, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Any organization tries to revitalize its staff by preparing face to face and distanced short term training courses. Thus, the present study aimed to compare the effects of such courses on staff’s psychological empowerment. Materials & Methods: This pseudo-experimental research study covered 6o managers and chancellors of different educational degrees in Zabol that participated in a three-day leadership development training course in March 2010. The samples were divided into two groups: a control group (distanced training) and an examination group (face to face training). Data collection tool was demographic information from Spritzer's psychological empowerment standard questionnaire about the feeling of meaningfulness, competency, impact, trust and self-determination. Questionnaires were completed in two groups by all samples in two phases, before and two weeks after the course. The data were analyzed using t-test for independent groups by SPSS software. Results: Face to face training course is more effective in psychological empowerment than distanced training course. Conclusion: According to the results face to face training course is more effective, however we cannot neglect the fact that the main reason for such courses is mere training. So it seems necessary to look for the reasons of ineffectiveness in short-term distanced training. Keywords: Psychological empowerment, Short-term training, Face to face and distanced training Address: Sistan and Baluchestan University, Sistan and Baluchestan, Iran Tel: (+98)9151902047 E-mail: n_nastie1354@yahoo.com 249 پرستاری INVESTIGATING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION QUESTIONNAIRE OF URBAN HEALTH THERAPEUTIC UNITES Mosazadeh H. Sadagianifar A. Baniadam T. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 INVESTIGATING THE RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION QUESTIONNAIRE OF URBAN HEALTH THERAPEUTIC UNITES Mosazadeh H* , Sadagianifar A , Baniadam T Received: 11 Aug, 2010 Accepted: 25 Oct, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Customer satisfaction is important and is evaluated through questionnaires. As the current questioners are not satisfactory, this study was performed to design a highly valid customer satisfaction questionnaire for urban health therapeutic centers and health care centers. Materials & Methods: In this study 100 samples were randomly selected and a questioner consisting of 26 questions was used. To assay the reliability, a retest was performed after two weeks. The data were analyzed using correlation coefficient and Cronbach alpha and T-test. Results: The reliability of the questionnaire was 89%. The satisfaction rate was higher in women, married ones, and Shias. High correlation between questions and total scale of questionnaire and low correlation within questions indicate validity of the questionnaire. On the other hand, high kappa statistic indicates the validity and reliability of the questionnaire. Conclusion: Our questionnaire has good reliability and validity for detection of satisfaction of clients of urban health therapeutic centers and health care centers. Keywords: Satisfaction, Referring, Health care centers Address: Social Development & Health Promotion Research Center, Urmia, Iran Tel: (+98) 9143459408 Email: hoseinmosazadeh@gmail.com 248 پرستاری CIGARETTE USE AND ITS PREDICTING FACTORS AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Moeini B. Allahverdipour H. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 CIGARETTE USE AND ITS PREDICTING FACTORS AMONG MALE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS Moeini B* , Allahverdipour H Received: 25 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Tobacco use among adolescents is one of the most important preventable problems that was known as a gateway drug to the use of other much more dangerous substances as Marijuana and opium. Etiology of tobacco use initiation would be an important part of preventative programs. The purpose of this study was to determine tobacco use status among male high school students and also the predicting factors for tobacco use. Materials & Methods: A total of 900 male high school students were randomly selected for sampling. Participants were junior high school students in Malayer, Iran. The data were gathered via questionnaires. The pupils completed questionnaires by self-reporting method. Results: Approximately 126 participants (14%) reported lifelong-smoking. The average age range to start smoking was 9-12. Parent-teen violence, truancy, leisure, peer pressure were the most important factors that led to smoking. Conclusion: Behaviors are acquirable, trainable, and modifiable. For preventative programs, it is necessary to identify adolescents’ smoking risk factors and to focus on adolescents’ health problems. Keywords: Adolescents, Cigarette smoking, Predicting factors Address: Department of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Tel: (+98)811-8260661 E-mail: babak_moeini@umsha.ac.ir 247 پرستاری THE EFFECT OF EMPLOYING CLINICAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATE MODEL ON CLINICAL LEARNING OF NURSING STUDENTS Mohammadpour Y. Khalilzadeh H. Habibzadezadeh H. Ahangarzadeh Rezaee S. Rasooli D. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 THE EFFECT OF EMPLOYING CLINICAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATE MODEL ON CLINICAL LEARNING OF NURSING STUDENTS Mohammadpour Y* , Khalilzadeh H , Habibzadezadeh H , Ahangarzadeh Rezaee S , Rasooli D Received: 22 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Clinical teaching associate model enhances participation and collaboration between health care workers and instructors. It is essential to resolve the existing problems of clinical education such as low-level proficiency of nursing graduates in achieving essential competencies and skills at the end of nursing education. On the other hand, the necessity of employing new methods of education for promoting the quality of clinical education is obvious. This study was performed to investigate the effects of clinical education associate model on nursing students' learning compared with the present methods. Materials & Methods: In a quasi-experimental study, 30 students of nursing school were selected randomly. They were divided into two groups. The first group was taught by clinical education associate model and the second one by the current method. After two weeks of learning, the students' skill areas were evaluated using a questionnaire and checklist. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using independent t-test, paired t, Fisher, and Chi square test. Results: This study found differences between the case and control groups considering clinical skills between satisfaction of clinical nurses’ about students learning and satisfaction of nursing students from educators of both groups. Conclusion: Students’ clinical learning increased during clinical teaching associate method. It is recommended to increase students’ participation by applying active teaching methods providing opportunity for better learning. Keywords: Clinical education, Clinical education associate model, Learning, Nursing education Addresses: Urmia Nursing and Midwifery Faculty, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. Tel :( +98) 4412752378 Email: mohammadpour_y@umsu.ac.ir 246 پرستاری IMPACT OF HOSPITAL DEDUCTIONS IMPOSED BY THE SOCIAL SECURITY INSURANCE ON PATIENT’S TEACHING HOSPITALS OF KASHAN Karami M. Safdari R. Moini M. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 IMPACT OF HOSPITAL DEDUCTIONS IMPOSED BY THE SOCIAL SECURITY INSURANCE ON PATIENT’S TEACHING HOSPITALS OF KASHAN Karami M* , Safdari R , Moini M Received: 22 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Deductions not only waste a large amount of hospitals revenue and reduce hospital finance but also result in financial burden on patients through increasing out of pocket expenditure. This study focused on determining the cause of deduction and the impact of deduction on patient’s expenses. Materials & Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the first half of 2009 in hospitals of Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Research population included 7907 medical records covered by social security insurance among which 7116 had deductions. The data were gathered by standard checklist analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: The findings revealed that the most important causes of deduction (23648 cases observed) were as follows: request for extra cost (7537) no correct assigning of the K to consultation (318) extra request for consultation (218) request for extra K for consultation (1664) extra K (up coding) for concurrent operations on one site (898) request for extra medication (3276) extra request for anesthesia time (1121) request for extra K (up coding) for anesthesia (322) request for extra modification anesthesia (1103). All the above patients had to pay for extra medication. Conclusion: In order to reduce financial loss imposed on patients, it is crucial that hospitals control the physicians’ functions to prevent or at least to reduce request for extra cost and request for extra K. Keywords: Insurance, Social security organization, Hospitals, Patient rights Address: School of Paramedicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tel: (+98)9131636053 Email: Karami_m@razi.tums.ac.ir 245 پرستاری HEPATITIS B VACCINATION COVERAGE AMONG TEACHING HOSPITALS WORKERS IN THE URMIA CITY Gholami A. Alinia T. Moosavi Jahromi L. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 HEPATITIS B VACCINATION COVERAGE AMONG TEACHING HOSPITALS WORKERS IN THE URMIA CITY Ali Gholami, Tahereh Alinia , Leila Moosavi Jahromi * Received: 25 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 ABSTRACT Introduction: Hepatitis B virus infection is a well recognized risk for healthcare workers (HCWs). For protect HCWs of hepatitis B, vaccination has been recommended. The aim of this study is survey of Hepatitis B Vaccination Coverage among Teaching Hospitals Workers in the Urmia city. Materials ;Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 personal of Urmia teaching hospitals. Samples allocated to three teaching hospitals with use of proportion sampling and in every hospital use of random sampling. data analyzed with Spss software ver16. Results: According to the findings of this study, 92.5% of the subjects received at least one dose vaccine that 74.5% of them received complete doses and 18% uncompleted. 66.7% of unvaccinated workers were males and 33.3% were females. Between educational level and history of vaccination wasn't observed significant relation (p=0.035). Conclusion: Although vaccination coverage in Urmia teaching hospitals workers is partly suitable but quarter of them are without vaccine history or uncompleted vaccine history that require following this persons to complete vaccination. Keywords: vaccination, hepatitis B, teaching hospital, Urmia Address: Urmia University of Medical Sciences,Urmia,Iran , Tel: (+98) 9155105801 E-mail: Aagholami80@yahoo.com 244 پرستاری PATIENT SATISFACTION OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES IN ABADAN AND KHORRAMSHAHR HOSPITALS, 2009 Tahery N. Feraidoonimoghadam M. Cheraghian B. Khazni S. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 PATIENT SATISFACTION OF EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES IN ABADAN AND KHORRAMSHAHR HOSPITALS, 2009 Tahery N* , Feraidoonimoghadam M , Cheraghian B , Khazni S Received: 22 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Patient satisfaction is a concept that today has gained high importance in medical care. Some experts believe that it is impossible to improve business processes and hospital quality regardless of patients’ needs, expectations, and satisfaction. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine satisfaction rate of emergency medical services in hospitals of Abadan and Khorramshahr. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study used a two-section self made questionnaire that was filled by 1152 patients referring to emergency departments in Abadan and Khorramshahr. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Results: The results showed that 50.05% of the studied samples were men, 68.2% single, 74.4% had insurance, and 63.5 % had a history of hospitalization. Among the demographic and contextual variables, there was statistically meaningful relationship between satisfaction and age (p 243 پرستاری THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE THERAPY ON THE QUALITY OF SLEEP IN WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS BEING ADMITTED BY ISFAHAN M.S. ASSOCIATION Bahraini S. Naji A. Mannani R. Bekhradi R. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 THE EFFECT OF MASSAGE THERAPY ON THE QUALITY OF SLEEP IN WOMEN WITH MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS BEING ADMITTED BY ISFAHAN M.S. ASSOCIATION Bahraini S , Naji SA* , Mannani R , Bekhradi R Received: 25 April, 2010 Accepted: 27 July, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Low quality of sleep is one of the most common signs in multiple sclerosis that can result in reducing the quality of life, increasing mortality, and neuropsychological problems. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of massage therapy on the quality of sleep in women with multiple sclerosis in Isfahan. Materials & Methods: The present study was a single group, pre and post test study which was conducted on 36 women with multiple sclerosis. Purposive sampling method was used for this study. For each sample, a twenty minute Effleurage massage was done three times a week for four consecutive weeks. Result: The mean score of sleep quality index before the intervention was 11.63 and after that was converted to 7.63. The statistical analysis indicated that there was a significant difference in the quality of sleep before and after the intervention (p 242 پرستاری INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH AND USING COPING STRATEGIES IN PARENTS OF THALASSEMIA AND HEMOPHILIA CHILDREN Akbarbegloo M. Habibpour Z. 1 12 2010 8 4 0 0 18 12 2010 INVESTIGATING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH AND USING COPING STRATEGIES IN PARENTS OF THALASSEMIA AND HEMOPHILIA CHILDREN Akbarbegloo A , Habibpour Z , Received: 16 July, 2010 Accepted: 25 Oct, 2010 Abstract Background & Aims: Thalassemia and Hemophilia are chronic and inherited diseases that cause physical, emotional and social damages in both parents and children. Families follow different strategies to cope with such events. This study was done to assess the relationship between mental health and coping strategies in parents of Thalassemia and Hemophilia children. Materials & Methods: This descriptive analytical study included 68% of Thalassemia and Hemophilia children in Madani Hospital of Khoy. The data were collected by General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) and coping strategies questionnaire. Cronbach’s alpha reliability test was used to determine the validity and reliability of the scale. Results: The results show that mental health (32.91±4.15) and using coping strategies (51.85±13.5) were middling. The most common coping strategies were beliefs like “to overcome all troubles I trust in God” (80.9%) and “I try to overcome all my problems” (80/9%). Spearman test showed that there was a significant and positive relationship between general health and coping strategies (r=0.95, P