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Background & Aims: Activity is one of the human psychological needs and is in the first level of classification of hierarchy of basic human needs. If a case do not have activity, negative effects occurs on the whole body. Researchers considering that disturbance in motion is as a nursing diagnosis and the concept of mobility is important in nursing. This study aimed to determine patients' knowledge and practice in the prevention of post-operative immobilization in surgical wards of Namazi Hospital in the year of 2013. Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 200 patients after surgery leads to immobility and were selected by available sampling randomly was used.Demographic questionnaire and knowledge measurement form in the field ofpreventcomplications ofimmobilityandchecklist of self-carepractice patient in the field of prevent complications of immobility were completed with observation and interview. The process of data analysis using the mail toolspssversion16 using descriptive statistics and analysis. Results: The mean and standard deviation of performance of the studied patients, respectively, 21.8±5.59, and the mean and standard deviation of knowledge of patients under studywere14.36±3.97. In total,42percent of poor performance, 49.5% of the averageperformance,8.5percent had a good performance and in the Evaluating knowledge, 41. 5 percentpoor,43% moderate and15.5 percent was well. The data show that about half of patients have poor knowledge and practicein theprevention ofinactivity and The relationship between performance and awareness of patients showed There is a significant correlation between performance and awareness (p-value =0.004).What evermore knowledge we have the better performance. Conclusion: The findings and statistical inference can be concluded the knowledge and performance of patients to prevent complications of in activity is weak. According to the results, certainly there are training programs that can increase the knowledge and performance of patients and can beestablishedto.

Keywords: performance, knowledge, patients, prevention, inactivity, complication, surgery

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