Volume 20, Issue 7 (October 2022)
Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2022, 20(7): 562-569 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Ghahremanzad Abgarmi Z, Ghavami H, Radfar M, Khalkhali H. THE EFFECT OF INTERVENTIONS BASED ON STRENGTHENING FOOT CARE BEHAVIOR ON FOOT HEALTH STATUS AND GLYCOSYLATED HEMOGLOBIN LEVEL IN THE PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2022; 20 (7) :562-569
URL: http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-4512-en.html
URL: http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-4512-en.html
1- Master student of nursing (Critical Care), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
2- Assistant Professor of Nursing (Medical Surgical), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran ,haleh_ghavami@yahoo.co.uk
3- Assistant Professor of Nursing (Psychiatric), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4- Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
2- Assistant Professor of Nursing (Medical Surgical), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran ,
3- Assistant Professor of Nursing (Psychiatric), Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
4- Associate Professor of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
Abstract: (961 Views)
Background & Aim: More than 90% of type 2 diabetic patients develop complications due to diabetes over time. Neuropathy is one of the complications of diabetes which leads to diabetic foot ulcers. Prevention of neuropathic foot ulcers has a high priority in these patients. This study aimed to determine the effect of interventions based on strengthening foot care behavior on foot health status and mean glycosylated hemoglobin level in type 2 diabetic patients in Diabetes Association and teaching hospitals of Urmia, Iran in 2019.
Materials & Methods: This study was a clinical trial that was conducted in Urmia in 2019. Totally 70 patients (35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group) participated. Patients in the intervention group received 9 training sessions based on strengthening foot care behavior, while patients in the control group only received routine care. Data collection tools included the demographic and clinical information questionnaires and the four-item Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using descriptive and analytical statistics. The difference was considered significant at the levels below 0.05.
Results: In the intervention group, the mean peripheral neuropathy score had changed from (5.20±1.02) at the beginning of the intervention to (3.74±0.93) at the end of it with a statistically significant difference (P-Value<0.001). Also, their mean HbA1c had changed from (7.66±0.7) at the beginning of the intervention to (6.88±1.11) at the end of the intervention with a statistically significant difference (P-Value = 0.01).
Conclusion: The intervention based on strengthening the foot care behavior effectively reduced the severity of peripheral neuropathy and the mean glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group. The results of this research can be used in medical research centers and educational and clinical nursing services to reduce the complications of diabetes and improve the quality of life in diabetic patients.
Materials & Methods: This study was a clinical trial that was conducted in Urmia in 2019. Totally 70 patients (35 in the intervention group and 35 in the control group) participated. Patients in the intervention group received 9 training sessions based on strengthening foot care behavior, while patients in the control group only received routine care. Data collection tools included the demographic and clinical information questionnaires and the four-item Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4) questionnaire. Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 21) using descriptive and analytical statistics. The difference was considered significant at the levels below 0.05.
Results: In the intervention group, the mean peripheral neuropathy score had changed from (5.20±1.02) at the beginning of the intervention to (3.74±0.93) at the end of it with a statistically significant difference (P-Value<0.001). Also, their mean HbA1c had changed from (7.66±0.7) at the beginning of the intervention to (6.88±1.11) at the end of the intervention with a statistically significant difference (P-Value = 0.01).
Conclusion: The intervention based on strengthening the foot care behavior effectively reduced the severity of peripheral neuropathy and the mean glycosylated hemoglobin in the intervention group. The results of this research can be used in medical research centers and educational and clinical nursing services to reduce the complications of diabetes and improve the quality of life in diabetic patients.
References
1. Soltanian AR, Borzouei S, Afkhami-Ardekan M. Design. Developing and validation a questionnaire to assess general population awareness about type II diabetes disease and its complications. Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clin Res Rev 2017;11:S39-43. [DOI:10.1016/j.dsx.2016.09.002] [PMID]
2. Jeffcoate WJ, Vileikyte L, Boyko EJ, Armstrong DG, Boulton AJ. Current challenges and opportunities in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Care 2018;41(4):645-52. [DOI:10.2337/dc17-1836] [PMID]
3. Chin YF, Huang TT, Hsu BR, Weng LC, Wang CC. Factors associated with foot ulcer self‐management behaviours among hospitalised patients with diabetes. J Clin Nurs 2019;28(11-12):2253-64. [DOI:10.1111/jocn.14822] [PMID]
4. Armstrong DG, Boulton AJ, Bus SA. Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence. N Engl J Med 2017;376(24):2367-75. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1615439 . [DOI:10.1056/NEJMra1615439] [PMID]
5. Kazdin AE. Research design in clinical psychology. Cambridge University Press 2021 Aug 31. [DOI:10.1017/9781108993647]
6. Usta YY, Dikmen Y, Yorgun S, Berdo İ. Predictors of foot care behaviours in patients with diabetes in Turkey. Peer J 2019;7:e6416. [DOI:10.7717/peerj.6416] [PMID] [PMCID]
7. Khani Jeihooni A, Eskandarzadeh N, Dehghan A, Khiyali Z, Bahmandoost M. Investigation of the performance of foot and eye Care in Patients with type II diabetes in Fasa: an application of the theory of planned behavior. J Educ Community Health 2016;3(3):37-44. (Persian) [DOI:10.21859/jech-03036]
8. Nguyen TP, Edwards H, Do TN, Finlayson K. Effectiveness of a theory-based foot care education program (3STEPFUN) in improving foot self-care behaviours and foot risk factors for ulceration in people with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Res Clin Prac 2019;152:29-38. [DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.05.003] [PMID]
9. Ghavami H, Radfar M, Soheily S, Shamsi SA, Khalkhali HR. Effect of lifestyle interventions on diabetic peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes, result of a randomized clinical trial. Turkish Soc Algol 2018;30(4):165-70. [DOI:10.5505/agri.2018.45477] [PMID]
10. Nazari H. Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Glycemic Control and Measures of Blood Flow in Superficial Femoral Artery in Type-2 Diabetic Men With Peripheral Neuropathy[dissertation]. Shahroud Iran: Shahrood University of Technology Fac Physic Educ 2018. (Persian) [URL]
11. Madani SP, Fateh HR, Forogh B, Fereshtehnejad SM, Ahadi T, Ghaboussi P, Bouhassira D, Raissi GR. Validity and reliability of the persian (farsi) version of the DN 4 (douleur neuropathique 4 questions) questionnaire for differential diagnosis of neuropathic from non‐neuropathic pains. Pain Prac 2014;14(5):427-36. [DOI:10.1111/papr.12088] [PMID]
12. Look AHEAD Research Group. Effects of a long-term lifestyle modification programme on peripheral neuropathy in overweight or obese adults with type 2 diabetes: the Look AHEAD study. Diabetologia 2017;60(6):980. [DOI:10.1007/s00125-017-4253-z] [PMID] [PMCID]
13. Bunner AE, Wells CL, Gonzales J, Agarwal U, Bayat E, Barnard ND. A dietary intervention for chronic diabetic neuropathy pain: a randomized controlled pilot study. Nutr Diabetes 2015;5(5):e158- [DOI:10.1038/nutd.2015.8] [PMID] [PMCID]
14. Bauer V, Goodman N, Lapin B, Cooley C, Wang E, Craig TL, Glosner SE, Juhn MS, Cappelleri JC, Sadosky AB, Masi C. Text messaging to improve disease management in patients with painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy. Diabetes Educator 2018;44(3):237-48. [DOI:10.1177/0145721718767400] [PMID]
15. Aghajani M, Mirbagher Ajorpaz N, Moein M. Effect of empowerment program on HbA1C in type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Nurs2015 Oct 10;3(3):20-30. )Persian( [Google Scholar]
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Contact Information
Address: Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Research and Technology,Djahad Ave.,
Urmia-5714783734, IRAN
P.O. Box: 1138,
Tel: 044 - 331937224
Fax: 044 - 32240642
E-Mail:
j.nur.mid
gmail.com, unmfumsu.ac.ir