Volume 22, Issue 3 (June 2024)
Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2024, 22(3): 170-179 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Zakriaee S S, Hashemi Nasab L, Hosseini Tabar J, bahmani S, Mansouri K. INVESTIGATING THE LEVEL OF PHYSICAL ABUSE DURING CHILDBIRTH AND ITS RELATED FACTORS IN WOMEN HOSPITALIZED IN THE POSTPARTUM WARD OF GHODS HOSPITAL IN PAVEH. Nursing and Midwifery Journal 2024; 22 (3) :170-179
URL: http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-4791-en.html
URL: http://unmf.umsu.ac.ir/article-1-4791-en.html
Seyedeh Soma Zakriaee1 
, Leila Hashemi Nasab2 , Jila Hosseini Tabar3 , Soma Bahmani * 4, Kamiyar Mansouri5
, Leila Hashemi Nasab2 , Jila Hosseini Tabar3 , Soma Bahmani * 4, Kamiyar Mansouri5
1- Instructor of Midwifery Education, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
2- Midwifery instructor, Clinical Care Research Center, Health Development Research Institute, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
3- Master of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4- Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran (Corresponding Author) ,soma.bahmani25@gmail.com
5- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
2- Midwifery instructor, Clinical Care Research Center, Health Development Research Institute, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
3- Master of Midwifery, Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
4- Instructor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran (Corresponding Author) ,
5- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
Abstract: (687 Views)
Background & Aim: Midwifery violence has become a prominent global issue in the past decade, yet it has not received sufficient attention in Iran. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the level of physical abuse during childbirth and its related factors in women hospitalized in the postpartum ward of Ghods Hospital in Paveh.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on women who gave birth and were hospitalized at Ghods Hospital, Paveh, Iran and met the inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was a questionnaire on mothers' personal and midwifery characteristics, as well as a checklist of disrespect and misbehavior during childbirth. Two hundred and seventy-six participants were selected using convenience sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software and univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests. The significance level was considered p<0.05.
Results: The results revealed that 17% of the participants had experienced physical abuse. Among the examined characteristics, the level of education and household income had a significant effect on the incidence of physical abuse (p<0.05)..
Conclusion: The low incidence of misbehavior during childbirth among women with low economic income and higher education may indicate the influence of expectations of women of receiving respectful care and their awareness of their rights to report mistreatment. Therefore, increasing awareness of women of their rights, particularly in marginalized communities, can effectively enhance their care.
Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on women who gave birth and were hospitalized at Ghods Hospital, Paveh, Iran and met the inclusion criteria. The data collection tool was a questionnaire on mothers' personal and midwifery characteristics, as well as a checklist of disrespect and misbehavior during childbirth. Two hundred and seventy-six participants were selected using convenience sampling. The data was analyzed using SPSS 21 statistical software and univariate and multivariate logistic regression tests. The significance level was considered p<0.05.
Results: The results revealed that 17% of the participants had experienced physical abuse. Among the examined characteristics, the level of education and household income had a significant effect on the incidence of physical abuse (p<0.05)..
Conclusion: The low incidence of misbehavior during childbirth among women with low economic income and higher education may indicate the influence of expectations of women of receiving respectful care and their awareness of their rights to report mistreatment. Therefore, increasing awareness of women of their rights, particularly in marginalized communities, can effectively enhance their care.
References
1. Koblinsky M, Moyer CA, Calvert C, Campbell J, Campbell OM, Feigl AB, Graham WJ, Hatt L, Hodgins S, Matthews Z, McDougall L. Quality maternity care for every woman, everywhere: a call to action. Lancet 2016;388:2307-20. [DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31333-2] [PMID]
2. Tunc¸ alp O, Were W, MacLennan C. Quality of care for pregnant women and newborns-the WHO vision. Int J Obstet Gynaecol 2015;122:1045-9. [DOI:10.1111/1471-0528.13451] [PMID] []
3. WHO. WHO recommendations: intrapartum care for a positive childbirth experience [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2024 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241550215 [URL]
4. WHO. The prevention and elimination of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2024 Jun 22]. Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-RHR-14.23 [URL]
5. Sen G, Reddy B, Iyer A. Beyond measurement: the drivers of disrespect and abuse in obstetric care. Reprod Health Matters 2018;26(53):6-18. [DOI:10.1080/09688080.2018.1508173] [PMID]
6. Alliance WR. Respectful maternity care: the universal rights of childbearing women. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2014;23:11-18. [URL]
7. Kassa Z, Tsegaye B, Abeje A. Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth at health facilities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Int Health Hum Rights 2020;20:23. [DOI:10.1186/s12914-020-00242-y] [PMID] []
8. Honikman S, Fawcus S, Meintjes I. Abuse in south African maternity settings is a disgrace: potential solutions to the problem. S Afr Med J 2015; 105(4): 284-6. [DOI:10.7196/SAMJ.9582] [PMID]
9. Gebremichael MW, Worku A, Medhanyie AA, Edin K, Berhane Y. Women suffer more from disrespectful and abusive care than from the labour pain itself: a qualitative study from Women's perspective. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2018;18: 392. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-018-2026-4] [PMID] []
10. Vogel JP, Bohren MA, Tunçalp Ö, Oladapo OT, Adanu RM, Baldé MD, et al. How women are treated during facility-based childbirth: development and validation of measurement tools in four countries-phase 1 formative research study protocol. Reprod Health 2015;12(1):60. [DOI:10.1186/s12978-015-0047-2] [PMID] []
11. Siraj A, Teka W, Hebo H. Prevalence of disrespect and abuse duringfacility based child birth and associated factors, Jimma University Medical Center, Southwest Ethiopia. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2019;19:185. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-019-2332-5] [PMID] []
12. Afulani PA, Kelly AM, Buback L, Asunka J, Kirumbi L, Lyndon A. Providers' perceptions of disrespect and abuse during childbirth: a mixed-methods study in Kenya. Health Policy Plann 2020;35:577-86. [DOI:10.1093/heapol/czaa009] [PMID] []
13. Burrowes S, Holcombe SJ, Jara D, Carter D, Smith K. Midwives' and patients' perspectives on disrespect and abuse during labor and delivery care in Ethiopia: a qualitative study. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2017;17:263. doi:10.1186/s12884-017-1442-1. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-017-1442-1] [PMID] []
14. Rominski SD, Lori J, Nakua E, Dzomeku V, Moyer CA. When the baby remains there for a long time, it is going to die so you have to hit her small for the baby to come out": justification of disrespectful and abusive care during childbirth among midwifery students in Ghana. Health Policy Plann 2017; 32: 215-24. [DOI:10.1093/heapol/czw114] [PMID]
15. Bohren MA, Vogel JP, Tunc¸alp O. By slapping their laps, the patient will know that you truly care for her": a qualitative study on social norms and acceptability of the mistreatment of women during childbirth in Abuja. SSM Popul Health 2016;2:640-55 [DOI:10.1016/j.ssmph.2016.07.003] [PMID] []
16. Sen G, Reddy B, Iyer A. Beyond measurement: the drivers of disrespect and abuse in obstetric care. Reprod Health Matters2018;26:6-18. [DOI:10.1080/09688080.2018.1508173] [PMID]
17. Bohren MA, Vogel JP, Hunter EC, Lutsiv O, Makh SK, Souza JP, et al. The mistreatment of women during childbirth in health facilities globally: a mixed-methods systematic review. PLoS Med 2015;12(6):e1001847 [DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001847] [PMID] []
18. Leavy E, Cortet M, Huissoud C, Desplanches T, Sormani J, Viaux-Savelon S, et al. Disrespect during childbirth and postpartum mental health: a French cohort study. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2023;23(1):1-8. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-023-05551-3] [PMID] []
19. Nyirenda H. T, Mubita B, Choka N, Mulenga D, Kapesha R. Postpartum depression among postnatal women as a result of disrespect and abuse during labour and delivery. J Preg Child Health 2020;3:109. [Google Scholar]
20. Fares KK, Ahmed HM. Effect of respectful maternity care and effective communication during labor on postpartum depression: an interventional study. Pak J Med Health Sci 2021;15. [DOI:10.53350/pjmhs211592692]
21. Hajizadeh K, Mirghafourvand M. Relationship of post-traumatic stress disorder with disrespect and abuse during childbirth in a group of Iranian postpartum women: a prospective study. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2021;20(1):1-8. [DOI:10.1186/s12991-021-00331-9] [PMID] []
22. Sacks E. Defining disrespect and abuse of newborns: a review of the evidence and an expanded typology of respectful maternity care. Reprod Health 2017;14:66. [DOI:10.1186/s12978-017-0326-1] [PMID] []
23. Sando D, Abuya T, Asefa A, Banks KP, Freedman LP, Kujawski S, et al. Methods used in prevalence studies of disrespect and abuse during facility based childbirth: lessons learned. Reprod Health 2017;14(1):127. [DOI:10.1186/s12978-017-0389-z] [PMID] []
24. World Health Organization. Definition of skilled health personnel providing care during childbirth: the 2018 joint statement by WHO, UNFPA, UNICEF, ICM, ICN, FIGO and IPA. 2018; Available at:https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/272818/WHO-RHR-18.14-eng.pdf?ua=1 [URL]
25. Amole T, Tukur M, Farouk S, Ashimi A. Disrespect and abuse during facility based childbirth: The experience of mothers in Kano, Northern Nigeria. Trop J Obstet Gynaecol 2019;36(1):21-7. DOI: 10.4103/TJOG.TJOG_77_18. [DOI:10.4103/TJOG.TJOG_77_18]
26. Sando D, Ratcliffe H, McDonald M, Spiegelman D, Lyatuu G, Sandoal M. The prevalence of disrespect and abuse during facility-based childbirth in urban Tanzania.. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2016;16:236. DOI 10.1186/s12884-016-1019-4. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-016-1019-4] [PMID] []
27. Adinew H, Helen H, Marshall A, Kelly J. Care providers' perspectives on disrespect and abuse of women during facility-based childbirth in Africa: a qualitative systematic review protocol. JBI Evid Synth 2020;18(5):1057-63. [DOI:10.11124/JBISRIR-D-19-00116] [PMID]
28. Hajizadeh K, Vaezi M, Meedya S, Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi S, Mirghafourvand M. Prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum Iranian women: a cross-sectional study. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2020;20(1):1-10. [DOI:10.1186/s12884-020-03124-2] [PMID] []
29. Shakibazadeh E, TAherkhani F, Tajvar M. Prevalence of disrespectful behavior towards mothers in maternity department of Tehran University of Medical Sciences' hospitals and its associated factors. Hayat 2021;27(3):262. [URL]
30. Mesenburg MA, Victora CG, Jacob Serruya S, Ponce de León R, Damaso AH, Domingues MR, da Silveira MF. Disrespect and abuse of women during the process of childbirth in the 2015 Pelotas birth cohort. Reprod Health 2018;15:54.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-018-0495-6 [DOI:10.1186/s12978-018-0495-6.] [PMID] []
31. McMahon SA, George AS, Chebet JJ, Mosha IH, Mpembeni RN, Winch PJ. Experiences of and responses to disrespectful maternity care and abuse during childbirth; a qualitative study with women and men in Morogoro Region, Tanzania. BMC Pregn Childbirth 2014;14:268. http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/14/268. [DOI:10.1186/1471-2393-14-268] [PMID] []
32. Matthews Z, Mayra K, Padmadas S.Why do some health care providers disrespect and abuse women during childbirth in India? Women Birth 2022;35(1):49-59. [DOI:10.1016/j.wombi.2021.02.003] [PMID]
33. Miltenburg A, Pelt SV, Meguid T, Sundby J. Disrespect and abuse in maternity care: individual consequences of structural violence. Reprod Health Matters 2018;26(53):88-106.
https://doi.org/10.1080/09688080.2018.1502023 [DOI:10.1080/09688080.2018.1502023.] [PMID]
34. Abuya T, Warren CE, Miller N, Njuki R, Ndwiga C, Maranga A, et al. Exploring the prevalence of disrespect and abuse during childbirth in Kenya. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0123606.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0123606 [DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0123606.] [PMID] []
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Contact Information
Address: Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Deputy of Research and Technology,Djahad Ave.,
Urmia-5714783734, IRAN
P.O. Box: 1138,
Tel: 044 - 331937224
Fax: 044 - 32240642
E-Mail:
j.nur.mid
gmail.com, unmfumsu.ac.ir